Fortune | FORTUNE 前天 23:01
美国政府聚焦经济可负担性,回应通胀挑战
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近期,美国经济可负担性成为政治焦点,尤其是在通胀压力增大的背景下。文章指出,特朗普政府正积极回应选民对经济问题的关切,通过社交媒体宣传感恩节商品价格优惠,并宣布与药企达成协议以降低特定药物价格。尽管政府强调其在可负担性方面的努力,但批评者认为其经济政策,特别是关税措施,可能加剧了通胀。未来,政府计划通过宣传减税政策和期待利率下调来提振民众信心。然而,经济形势复杂多变,总统的意图并非总能实现。

💰 **政府强调经济可负担性**:特朗普政府正将经济可负担性作为核心议题,尤其是在近期选举中选民对经济的担忧凸显之后。政府通过社交媒体积极宣传日常必需品和感恩节商品的价格优惠,并宣布了与Eli Lilly和Novo Nordisk等药企就降低抗肥胖药物价格达成的协议,以此回应民众对生活成本上升的关切,并试图将经济表现的功劳归于自身。

📈 **通胀挑战与关税争议**:文章指出,尽管政府声称在经济可负担性方面表现出色,但通胀率呈现上升趋势,消费者价格指数(CPI)和食品价格持续上涨,电力账单也成为新的担忧。批评者和部分经济研究认为,特朗普政府推行的关税政策是导致通胀加剧的重要因素之一,尽管政府方面对此予以否认,并将其归咎于前任政府的遗留问题。

💡 **未来策略与政策展望**:为应对可负担性挑战,政府计划在未来推出新政策,并通过教育民众了解特朗普政府减税政策对其退税的影响来影响公众认知。此外,政府还寄希望于美联储在未来降息以及联邦预算赤字下降能改善经济前景和金融市场情绪。然而,经济的不可预测性以及公众对经济领导力的看法转变,使得这些策略能否成功仍存变数。

The messaging is centered around affordability, and the push comes after inflation emerged as a major vulnerability for Trump and Republicans in Tuesday’s elections, in which voters overwhelmingly said the economy was their biggest concern.

Democrats took advantage of concerns about affordability to run up huge margins in the New Jersey and Virginia governor races, flipping what had been a strength for Trump in the 2024 presidential election into a vulnerability going into next year’s midterm elections.

White House officials and others familiar with their thinking requested anonymity to speak for this article in order to not get ahead of the president’s actions. They stressed that affordability has always been a priority for Trump, but the president plans to talk about it more, as he did Thursday when he announced that Eli Lilly and Novo Nordisk would reduce the price of their anti-obesity drugs.

“We are the ones that have done a great job on affordability, not the Democrats,” Trump said at an event in the Oval Office to announce the deal. “We just lost an election, they said, based on affordability. It’s a con job by the Democrats.”

The White House is keeping up a steady drumbeat of posts on social media about prices and deals for Thanksgiving dinner staples at retailers such as Walmart, Lidl, Aldi and Target.

“I don’t want to hear about the affordability, because right now, we’re much less,” Trump told reporters Thursday, arguing that things are much better for Americans with his party in charge.

“The only problem is the Republicans don’t talk about it,” he said.

The outlook for inflation is unclear

As of now, the inflation outlook has worsened under Trump. Consumer prices in September increased at an annual rate of 3%, up from 2.3% in April, when the president first began to roll out substantial tariff hikes that suddenly burdened the economy with uncertainty. The AP Voter Poll showed the economy was the leading issue in Tuesday’s elections in New Jersey, Virginia, New York City and California.

Grocery prices continue to climb, and recently, electricity bills have emerged as a new worry. At the same time, the pace of job gains has slowed, plunging 23% from the pace a year ago.

The White House maintains a list of talking points about the economy, noting that the stock market has hit record highs multiple times and that the president is attracting foreign investment. Trump has emphasized that gasoline prices are coming down, and maintained that gasoline is averaging $2 a gallon, but AAA reported Thursday that the national average was $3.08, about two cents lower than a year ago.

“Americans are paying less for essentials like gas and eggs, and today the Administration inked yet another drug pricing deal to deliver unprecedented health care savings for everyday Americans,” said White House spokesman Kush Desai.

Trump gets briefed about the economy by Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and other officials at least once a week and there are often daily discussions on tariffs, a senior White House official said, noting Trump is expected to do more domestic travel next year to make his case that he’s fixing affordability.

But critics say it will be hard for Trump to turn around public perceptions on affordability.

“He’s in real trouble and I think it’s bigger than just cost of living,” said Lindsay Owens, executive director of Groundwork Collaborative, a liberal economic advocacy group.

Owens noted that Trump has “lost his strength” as voters are increasingly doubtful about Trump’s economic leadership compared to Democrats, adding that the president doesn’t have the time to turn around public perceptions of him as he continues to pursue broad tariffs.

New hype about income tax cuts ahead of April

There will be new policies rolled out on affordability, a person familiar with the White House thinking said, declining to comment on what those would be. Trump on Thursday indicated there will be more deals coming on drug prices. Two other White House officials said messaging would change — but not policy.

A big part of the administration’s response on affordability will be educating people ahead of tax season about the role of Trump’s income tax cuts in any refunds they receive in April, the person familiar with planning said. Those cuts were part of the sprawling bill Republicans muscled through Congress in July.

This individual stressed that the key challenge is bringing prices down while simultaneously having wages increase, so that people can feel and see any progress.

There’s also a bet that the economy will be in a healthier place in six months. With Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell’s term ending in May, the White House anticipates the start of consistent cuts to the Fed’s benchmark interest rate. They expect inflation rates to cool and declines in the federal budget deficit to boost sentiment in the financial markets.

But the U.S. economy seldom cooperates with a president’s intentions, a lesson learned most recently by Trump’s predecessor, Democrat Joe Biden, who saw his popularity slump after inflation spiked to a four-decade high in June 2022.

The Trump administration maintains it’s simply working through an inflation challenge inherited from Biden, but new economic research indicates Trump has created his own inflation challenge through tariffs.

Since April, Harvard University economist Alberto Cavallo and his colleagues, Northwestern University’s Paola Llama and Universidad de San Andres’ Franco Vazquez, have been tracking the impact of the import taxes on consumer prices.

In an October paper, the economists found that the inflation rate would have been drastically lower at 2.2%, had it not been for Trump’s tariffs.

The administration maintains that tariffs have not contributed to inflation. They plan to make the case that the import taxes are helping the economy and dismiss criticisms of the import taxes as contributing to inflation as Democratic talking points.

The fate of Trump’s country-by-country tariffs is currently being decided by the Supreme Court, where justices at a Wednesday hearing seemed dubious over the administration’s claims that tariffs were essentially regulations and could be levied by a president without congressional approval. Trump has maintained at times that foreign countries pay the tariffs and not U.S. citizens, a claim he backed away from slightly Thursday.

“They might be paying something,” he said. “But when you take the overall impact, the Americans are gaining tremendously.”

_____

Associated Press writers Will Weissert and Michelle L. Price contributed to this report.

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经济 通货膨胀 可负担性 美国政府 特朗普 关税 Economy Inflation Affordability US Government Trump Tariffs
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