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家政女王玛莎·斯图尔特及其在家居文化中的影响
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本文探讨了玛莎·斯图尔特在家居和烹饪文化中的独特地位及其影响。斯图尔特以其一丝不苟的精致生活方式闻名,但她的理念也引发了一场家居烹饪文化的“反叛”。以伊娜·加藤、尼格拉·劳森、劳丽·科尔温和艾莉森·罗曼等为代表的新一代烹饪达人,倡导更为轻松、随性的居家风格,强调“非刻意”的待客之道。尽管如此,斯图尔特本人认为自己并非微观管理者,而是富有创造力、追求卓越的实践者。她的家政理念将日常琐事升华为一种对完美的追求,为那些愿意投入时间和精力的人提供了可行的指导。

🌟 玛莎·斯图尔特的家政理念:以一丝不苟的精致生活方式著称,将烹饪、园艺和装饰等家政任务提升到追求卓越的高度,而非日常琐事。她强调“款待”是一种胸怀开阔的姿态,需要与之匹配的心态。

⚖️ 家居烹饪文化的“反叛”:斯图尔特的严谨风格催生了以伊娜·加藤、尼格拉·劳森、艾莉森·罗曼等为代表的厨师,她们倡导更为轻松、随性的待客之道,强调“店里买的也很好”和“不刻意”的烹饪理念,挑战了斯图尔特式的精致。

💡 斯图尔特的回应与自我认知:斯图尔特本人并不认为自己是微观管理者,而是将自己视为一个富有创造力、追求特定愿景的实践者。她认为自己的方法是“完全可行的”,只要投入足够的时间和精力,并且不介意疲惫。

📚 新一代的家政态度:以杰克·科恩等千禧一代的烹饪书为代表,他们继承了斯图尔特式对细节的关注,如详细的准备时间表,但同时也融入了更现代、更接地气的待客理念,鼓励读者在追求完美的同时保持轻松。

To most readers, this will seem like fantasy. To Stewart, it was a snapshot of real life. She grew up in a large, middle class Polish American family in New Jersey, with parents who often received guests; she honed a taste for fine things while working as a stockbroker in Manhattan. In the seventies, she and her husband, a book publisher, decamped to Westport, Connecticut, where they restored an old farmhouse and she started a catering business. Stewart regarded her social scene as less fussy than that of the “fancy Park Avenue, Fifth Avenue matrons,” she told me over the phone. “I was a little bit more casual. I liked antiques and I loved beautiful things, but I was not a fanatic about butlers.”

Yet in the past three decades much of home-cooking culture has developed in revolt against what many see as Stewart’s punctilious ethos. Ina Garten, whose career was buoyed by an early shout-out in Martha Stewart Living, distinguished herself as breezy and laid-back, conspiratorially assuring her audience that “store-bought is fine.” Nigella Lawson, endearingly prone to sloshing and spilling, made her name with the archly titled “How to Be a Domestic Goddess,” in 2000. In 2010, the same year Garten published “How Easy Is That?,” Vintage reprinted Laurie Colwin’s “Home Cooking,” from 1988, in which Colwin recalls throwing dinner parties in a studio that didn’t have a kitchen or a sink.

Alison Roman, who has sometimes been hailed as the anti Martha Stewart, made “unfussy” the gold standard of millennial hosting with her purposefully louche cookbook “Nothing Fancy,” in 2019. “I have always been allergic to the word ‘entertaining,’ ” Roman wrote, “which to me implies that there’s a show, something performative at best and inauthentic at worst.” A theme of Samin Nosrat’s new cookbook, “Good Things,” published in September, is letting go of perfectionism when cooking for guests. “You’re not always going to have the very best ingredients, the right platter, or a lime instead of a lemon,” Nosrat writes. “It doesn’t matter. No one will remember.”

When I mentioned to Stewart the fact that “you don’t have to be Martha Stewart” has become a cliché, she laughed. She sees herself less as a cold-blooded micromanager than as a creative, scrappy person who takes pleasure in executing a specific vision. One of the events that first got her noticed as a caterer was a reception for an American-folk-art exhibition at the Park Avenue Armory, to which she brought her own live chickens, their cages perched on mounds of hay. When I asked if the room had smelled like a coop, Stewart seemed to recoil. “Oh, no! No, no,” she assured me. “My chickens—they don’t poop in public.”

Such is life in Marthaland, where homemaking tasks are plucked from the realm of everyday drudgery and elevated to a pure pursuit of excellence. Stewart talks about cooking, gardening, and decorating with the equanimity of an endurance athlete. “Entertaining, by its nature, is an expansive gesture, and demands an expansive state of mind,” she writes in “Entertaining”—a line that recalls the vaguely philosophical memoirs of retired tennis players. She never claimed that her approach was easy, inexpensive, or suited to everyone, only that her guidance was there for anyone who heard the call. “It was totally doable, what I was doing,” Stewart told me, “if you put in the time and the energy, and didn’t mind getting exhausted.”

Not long after my call with Stewart, I felt moved to attempt some ambitious entertaining of my own. I wanted to achieve perfect synchrony as dishes went in and out of the oven, to retrieve infrequently used platters from their high cabinets, to have my guests ooh and ah over my efforts. “Entertaining provides a good excuse to put things in order,” Stewart writes, a mantra that struck me as both practical and profound.

Among this season’s new cookbooks are a number devoted to hosting, written by millennials who seem fairly Stewart-minded. “Dinner Party Animal,” by the social-media darling Jake Cohen, is helpfully type A, complete with detailed prep schedules and “game time pep talks.” “It’s time to step it up,” Cohen writes. “You don’t have to turn into Martha Stewart overnight, but you very well may end up following in her footsteps.”

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玛莎·斯图尔特 家居文化 烹饪 待客之道 Martha Stewart Home Culture Cooking Entertaining
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