Fortune | FORTUNE 10月27日 20:00
英美特殊关系:贸易协定与全球关切
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英国财政大臣蕾切尔·里夫斯近日表示,英美之间的“特殊关系”是基于对全球经济不平衡的共同担忧。她强调,英国在特朗普政府时期率先与美国达成了一项贸易协定,税率仅为10%,并获得了其他出口机会,这比许多其他国家获得的待遇更为优厚。里夫斯认为,无论是在政治还是商业领域,建立个人关系都至关重要,并建议其他国家在与特朗普政府打交道时应认真对待其关切。文章还提及了英国脱欧的背景以及特朗普政府的贸易策略对市场和国际关系的影响。

英美“特殊关系”基于对全球经济不平衡的共同担忧。英国财政大臣蕾切尔·里夫斯指出,英美两国政府在各个层级上进行合作,并对率先与美国达成贸易协定感到满意,该协定提供了10%的关税以及其他出口机会,相较于其他国家,其条件更为宽松。这种合作建立在双方对当前全球经济格局及潜在失衡问题的共同认知之上。

建立个人关系在国际合作中至关重要。里夫斯强调,无论是在商业还是政治领域,个人层面的联系都发挥着不可替代的作用。她特别提到了英国首相施特劳默与特朗普总统之间以及政府其他成员与美方官员之间建立的良好关系,认为这是推动双方合作的重要因素。这种人际关系的构建被视为在国际舞台上有效推进议程的关键。

与特朗普政府打交道需认真对待其关切。对于其他寻求与特朗普政府达成协议的外国政府,里夫斯给出的建议是“认真对待他们”。她认为,理解并回应其对当前世界格局的担忧是达成合作的前提。文章还暗示,特朗普政府的贸易策略,如“美国优先”议程和贸易关税措施,虽然引发争议,但与英国达成协议的经验表明,理解并回应其核心关切是关键。

英国脱欧背景下,英美关系具有独特性。文章提及英国在2020年正式脱离欧盟,此前经历了多年的谈判。在脱欧这一独立自主的决定之后,英国与美国能够迅速达成贸易协议,凸显了英美两国关系的特殊性,也反映了英国在独立寻求国际合作方面的策略。尽管美国作为世界最大经济体拥有谈判优势,但英美之间能够取得快速进展,显示了双方关系的紧密程度和政治意愿。

For many years, the U.S. and U.K. have lauded their “special relationship”, covering everything from trade to military support. This was exemplified with the first deal made following President Trump’s “Liberation Day” tariff announcement: The U.K. agreed to a 10% rate as well as a host of other export opportunities—much more lenient than many other countries.

Speaking at the Fortune Global Forum in Riyadh on Monday, Britain’s Chancellor of the Exchequer, Rachel Reeves, said the current relationship between 10 Downing Street and the White House was built on a shared idea: Concern over imbalances on the global stage.

Few other nations saw such success with the second Trump administration so quickly. The U.S. and China are still at loggerheads ahead of a planned meeting between the president and the premier later this week; agreements with Japan and the E.U. came later, after fraught negotiations.

Reeves said that the governments in London and Washington were collaborating at every level, saying: “We were very pleased to get the first trade deal with the U.S.”

The Labour MP added: “They’ve got concerns around global imbalances, we share a lot of those concerns, and I think building up personal relationships is something that Prime Minister Sir Keir Starmer has done incredibly well with with Donald Trump, but also right through our government and their administration building up those relationships: myself with Scott Bessant, our business secretary with Howard Lutnick, but also the Prime Minister’s business advisor Varun Chandra, the work that he’s done both with Ambassador Greer and with Howard Lutnick.”

“I think relationships are important—whatever business you’re in, whether it’s business or politics—and it’s really important on the international stage.”

While President Trump’s “America First” agenda has been blasted by some of the U.S.’s key trading partners, the Parliament of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is no stranger to being unpopular after striking out alone.

Britain formally left the European Union in January 2020, after years of negotiating with the bloc following a 2016 referendum. It had been a member of the E.U. since the early 1970s.

As the world’s largest economy, America has significantly more leverage at the negotiating table. Even then, President Trump’s threat-and-retreat tactics have led markets—and foreign policymakers—to question the depth of the Oval Office’s conviction.

Indeed, Wall Street got so used to Trump’s deadlines being pushed back at the 11th hour it developed an acronym: the TACO trade (Trump Always Chickens Out). That has backfired at times. Trump has suggested buoyancy in the market (due to analysts partially banking on the idea that tariffs won’t go ahead) is justification in itself to push ahead with the plans.

Reeves advised foreign governments looking to make a deal with Trump not to bet against him.

“[Take] them seriously,” she said. “That is absolutely key: Engaging with their concerns about the world as it is today.” 

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英美关系 特殊关系 贸易协定 全球经济 特朗普政府 英国脱欧 Rachel Reeves UK-US Relations Special Relationship Trade Deal Global Economy Trump Administration Brexit Rachel Reeves
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