New Yorker 10月17日 07:01
白宫记者团的演变与特朗普的媒体互动
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文章探讨了特朗普政府时期白宫记者团的变化,以及总统与媒体之间的互动模式。作者通过具体事件,如记者Brian Glenn与特朗普的对话,揭示了特朗普倾向于寻求媒体的肯定而非独立的监督。文章指出,特朗普对媒体的关注程度极高,并乐于将支持者塑造成“媒体”,以此对抗批评。这种模式似乎在为他未来的执政铺平道路,一个充斥着赞美、缺乏制约的环境。作者认为,白宫记者团的独立性是制衡总统权力的重要因素,其被削弱可能带来长远影响。

🌟 **媒体角色的转变与特朗普的互动模式:** 文章通过记者Brian Glenn与特朗普的对话,揭示了特朗普政府时期白宫记者团角色的演变。特朗普倾向于将支持者塑造成“媒体”,以寻求对其言论的肯定,而非接受独立的监督和质疑。这种互动模式表明,总统更看重媒体的赞美而非事实的呈现。

🚀 **特朗普对媒体的高度关注与自我塑造:** 文章强调了特朗普对媒体报道的极度关注,他花费大量时间阅读关于自己的报道,并对任何可能影响其公众形象的细节都非常在意。他甚至会因为《时代》杂志一篇正面报道的配图不满意而提出批评,显示出其对自我形象的极度敏感以及对赞美的强烈需求。

🏛️ **白宫的“去约束化”趋势与批评的消退:** 文章指出,特朗普政府正在将白宫打造成一个越来越少约束和批评的空间。与第一任期不同,能够提出异议的顾问正在减少,取而代之的是“唯命是从者”和奉承者。这种环境的形成,加上媒体独立性的削弱,可能使总统更加脱离现实,形成一个“自我实现的预言”循环。

🔒 **媒体独立性对总统权力的制衡作用:** 作者认为,白宫记者团的独立性是制衡总统权力的重要机制。当记者不再能进行自由提问和独立报道时,总统的权力将可能不受约束。文章以五角大楼限制新闻报道为例,暗示了这种趋势可能蔓延至其他政府部门,对信息透明度和公众知情权构成威胁。

The President then interrupted him. “Did you ever think I was going to be called the peacemaker?”

Glenn replied, “Actually, I did.”

His question, when he got around to it, was about Alyssa Farah, a former aide in Trump’s first-term White House who is now a co-host of the popular ABC daytime talk show “The View” and a vocal critic of Trump’s. According to Glenn, Farah had promised to wear a Make America Great Again hat on TV if he actually managed to secure the release of Israeli hostages being held in Gaza, but she had not yet done so. After explaining all this to the President, his query to Trump was just two words: “Your response?”

A day later, Glenn was back in front of Trump, at a press conference featuring the President and the director of the F.B.I., Kash Patel. The event’s news, among other things, was Trump complaining that law-enforcement agencies should investigate and prosecute more of his political enemies and confirming that he had secretly ordered the C.I.A. to carry out operations inside Venezuela. Glenn, however, wanted to make a point about one of Trump’s longtime preoccupations—what the President calls the “rigged election” of 2020. “By the way, you won Georgia three times,” Glenn shouted over other reporters trying to ask questions. Ed O’Keefe, of CBS News, standing in front of Glenn, could be seen shaking his head with what appeared to be exasperation. It was the last part of the exchange that really stood out, though. In response to Glenn, Trump said, “Yeah, I agree. Do you agree with me?” After Glenn replied, “I do,” the President quickly jumped back in: “And he’s the media! He’s the media!”

I can think of no more perfect encapsulation of why the Trump Administration has done what it has to eviscerate the century-old tradition of independent reporting from the White House. In his second term, it was no longer enough to call the real news fake; now it’s the fake news that gets to displace actual journalists in order to playact the real thing. And when Trump wants validation, whether for his false claims of election fraud or some other lie, he can now claim “the media” gave it to him. How long can it be until there are only Brian Glenns in that room?

You might think that the Kremlinization of the White House press pool doesn’t really matter at a moment when there are so many other Trump-generated crises in the country. Or that it is simply self-serving of journalists to complain about their own perks being taken away. Or that the President has no obligation, legal or otherwise, to answer questions from anyone. All of which are fair points.

But the reason to pay attention to what’s happening with the coverage of the Presidency is that Trump cares about it perhaps more than anything else. There has never been a more media-obsessed President, nor one for whom the regard of others, even if it is suck-uppery in the crudest form, matters so much. He is known to spend hours a day consuming cable-news reports about himself. There is no detail of his public portrayal that does not concern him. In a lengthy social-media post this week, he berated Time for a cover about his Middle East diplomacy which was so complimentary it was headlined “His Triumph.” Trump’s beef was with the accompanying photo of himself, which he deemed “the Worst of All Time.” The point being: there is no pleasing a leader whose need for affirmation is so bottomless.

The template for Trump’s second term so far has been to remake the White House as a place increasingly devoid of constraints or criticism. Gone are the first-term advisers such as John Kelly or Jim Mattis who saw themselves as checks on Trump’s tendency to go rogue. Only yes-men and flatterers need apply, and more and more they seem to be competing with one another to come up with the most over-the-top compliments possible for the boss. Last weekend, during a rally in Tel Aviv to celebrate the Trump-brokered deal to release the Israeli hostages, Trump’s Middle East negotiator, Steve Witkoff, proclaimed him “the greatest President in American history.” It doesn’t take much imagination to think what talk like that from his advisers does to a man with Trump’s ego. Those questions from reporters may soon be the last thing left tethering the President to at least some form of reality.

This is why it’s not hard to anticipate where all this is going. Trump, it appears, is building a dream palace of endless puffery for himself, a gilded safe space where there will be no more tough questions, no more pesky reporters or impertinent demands for information that he does not want to give. And imagine how very powerful the President, who already believes the Constitution gives him the power “to do whatever I want,” will feel then. The Pentagon’s move to effectively ban journalism from its halls this week was not an outlier—it was a preview. ♦

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特朗普 白宫记者团 媒体 新闻自由 总统权力 Trump White House Press Corps Media Freedom of the Press Presidential Power
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