Fortune | FORTUNE 10月08日 23:14
黄金投资建议:专家观点与市场动态
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近期黄金价格飙升,引发市场关注。亿万富翁投资者Ray Dalio建议将15%的投资组合配置于黄金,认为其作为避险资产能有效对冲风险,尤其是在当前信贷依赖性强的市场环境下。他指出,黄金作为一种“货币”,是重要的投资组合多元化工具,表现优于传统债权资产。然而,Citadel的Ken Griffin对黄金价格的上涨表示担忧,认为这反映了投资者正从美元和美国主权风险中撤离,是一种“去美元化”的迹象。这种趋势让人联想到20世纪70年代的货币秩序变革,尤其是在全球各国央行纷纷增持黄金储备的背景下,这与当前美国高企的债务水平和潜在的财政风险息息相关,使得黄金的吸引力日益增强。

💰 **黄金作为避险资产的价值凸显**:Ray Dalio强调,在当前市场环境下,黄金是保护实际税后收益的优良投资组合多元化工具。其价格的稳步上涨和不受单一货币或国家影响的特性,使其成为抵御风险的理想选择,尤其是在传统投资组合(如股票和信贷)可能下跌时,黄金能提供有效的对冲。

📈 **专家建议的配置比例差异**:Ray Dalio建议将高达15%的投资组合配置于黄金,远高于UBS等金融机构提出的中等个位数百分比建议。这一差异反映了市场对黄金在当前经济周期中角色的不同看法,Dalio认为其在“最优配置”中占有重要地位。

⚠️ **黄金飙升背后的担忧信号**:Citadel的Ken Griffin认为,黄金价格的急剧上涨并非全然是积极信号,而是表明投资者正将风险资产从美元和美国主权风险中转移,这是一种“去美元化”的表现,对他而言是“令人担忧”的。

🔄 **历史借鉴与货币秩序的潜在变化**:Dalio将当前的黄金投资热潮与20世纪70年代的“货币秩序变革”相比较。在全球各国央行纷纷增持黄金储备,而美国面临高企的国债和债务GDP比率的背景下,黄金作为一种“第二大储备货币”的地位日益巩固,预示着全球货币格局可能正在发生深刻变化。

Usually investors look to buy the dip—and when it comes to gold, even the most minor of drops are few and far between. Yet as the asset spun to new record highs this week, Ray Dalio’s advice to speculators was to invest a substantial portion of their portfolio to the precious metal.

Gold is traditionally seen as something of a safe harbor for investors: It is not tied to any one currency or nation, and has steadily increased in price over time. While it may not provide the mammoth returns of the equity markets or currency alternatives, its lower-risk status has earned it a corner of many investment portfolios.

As its price has rocketed this year—surging past $4,000 per troy ounce overnight—financial institutions have encouraged clients to consider their holdings. UBS’s chief investment officer, Mark Haefele, wrote last month that the bank maintained an “attractive view on gold” and recommended a mid-single digit percentage allocation.

Dalio puts the weighting far higher than that, telling the Greenwich Economic Forum that allocations should be 15% of a portfolio.

“When you’re … doing your asset allocation, what is going to protect your real after-tax returns? So you do create that optimal mix—gold is a very excellent diversifier of the portfolio,” Dalio told his audience. “So if you were to look at just from the strategic asset allocation mix perspective, you would probably have something like—as the optimal mix—something like 15% of your portfolio in gold because …. it is the one asset the does very well when the typical parts of your portfolio go down, because the typical parts of your portfolio are so credit dependent.”

Dalio’s stance is precisely the notion which Citadel’s Ken Griffin described as “concerning” this week. Speaking during a Citadel Securities conference, the hedge fund titan warned the spike in gold prices was a clear signal that investors are moving risk out of the U.S.

He explained: ““So we’re seeing substantial asset inflation away from the dollar as people are looking for ways to effectively dedollarize or de-risk their portfolios vis-à-vis U.S. sovereign risk,” Griffin explained. “That’s what’s really concerning to me.”

Additionally, foreign investors are hedging the returns from their U.S. equities in their own currency, added Griffin, a “bifurcation of: ‘I’m going to bet on American business, but I wanna immunize some of my sovereign exposure to the United States.’”

This is precisely Dalio’s argument for investors, he said, arguing he would favor a tilt towards gold “more than that would be a normal allocation risk” because he doesn’t like debt assets: Government debt but also credit or private credit.

A return to the 1970s

Dalio said this flight to gold—not only by individual investors but also by central banks—is reminiscent of the 1970s when the economy experienced “changes in the monetary order.”

This reshuffling of currency power boils down to an issue Dalio has raised the alarm on many times: national debt.

Economists around the world are concerned about the various debt levels of advanced nations. While France and the U.K. are raising eyebrows, America’s fiscal trajectory is garnering the most attention given the potential global fallout if investors begin to back out of buying U.S. debt: bonds.

At present, the U.S. debt stands at $37.8 trillion, and a debt-to-GDP ratio of 125%. It is this latter figure which has economists so concerned, who worry that the ratio will one day fall so far out of balance that the buyers of debt either demand even higher interest, or refuse to buy the debt entirely. Either way, the U.S. would be left with paying out even higher rates to service their debt, or will have to radically cut back spending to balance its books.

With this context in mind, Dalio said gold is looking all the more attractive on a global scale: “You’re seeing a dynamic of why countries are letting their reserves or their asserts in bonds and so on go down, and they’re acquiring—and have been acquiring—gold, for example. Gold is a currency. We think of currencies of being fiat currency, the major fiat currency, but gold is a currency.

“It’s the second-largest reserve currency, and so you’re seeing changes in the monetary order that are reflecting those things, somewhat like what happened in the early seventies.”

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黄金投资 Ray Dalio Ken Griffin 避险资产 去美元化 货币秩序 资产配置
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