All Content from Business Insider 10月07日 18:34
无人机操作员讲述真实工作经历与心理挑战
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本文讲述了退伍美军无人机操作员 Tanner Yackley 的亲身经历。他曾服役八年,在美军基地远程操控无人机执行任务。Yackley 澄清了公众对无人机操作员如同玩电子游戏的误解,强调了其工作的严肃性和巨大的心理压力,因为每天都面临生死抉择。他详细描述了首次执行任务时的技术专注,以及长期工作带来的身心疲惫和睡眠障碍。文章还提及了无人机操作对个人生活和人际关系的影响,以及 Yackley 创立“Remote Warrior”组织以提高对无人机操作员心理健康关注的努力。

✈️ **无人机操作的真实性与误解**:Tanner Yackley 曾服役八年,在美军基地远程操控无人机。他强调,与普遍认为的“像玩电子游戏”不同,无人机操作是一项极其严肃的工作,每天都必须做出生死攸关的决定,其复杂性和压力远非游戏可比,需要极高的专业素养和心理承受能力。

🧠 **首次任务的心理冲击与技术聚焦**:Yackley 回忆首次执行任务时,其思绪完全集中在技术层面,如何精确发射武器,而无暇顾及即将夺走生命的后果。这种高度的技术专注是执行任务的必然要求,但也暗示了其潜在的心理隔阂,使得操作者在执行任务时难以停下来思考其深层意义。

😴 **长期服役的身心损耗与睡眠障碍**:长期的轮班工作和高压环境导致 Yackley 身心俱疲,难以继续工作。他特别提到,轮班工作打乱了他的睡眠模式,常常导致失眠,这与美军中普遍存在的睡眠不足问题相呼应,也增加了患创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的风险。

💔 **对个人生活的影响与心理健康支持**:Yackley 表示,无人机操作的经历对其个人生活、家庭和人际关系造成了负面影响,难以与他人分享工作经历,因为非亲身经历者很难真正理解。为了帮助其他有类似经历的退伍军人,他创立了“Remote Warrior”组织,致力于提高对无人机操作员心理健康的关注。

✅ **对服役经历的肯定与职业骄傲**:尽管面临巨大的挑战,Yackley 表示从未质疑过命令,并为自己所做的工作感到自豪。他认为,执行任务的目标是“坏人”,他们当时也在做“坏事”,这体现了他作为军人的职责感和对任务的认同。

Tanner Yackley standing in front of a military drone.

"My first strike was January 28th, 2013, at 6:49 in the morning," Tanner Yackley told Business Insider's Maggie Cai in a recent interview. "It ended up being a cave in the middle of nowhere, and there was a handful of people there that they wanted us to take out," he said.

Yackley enlisted in the US Air Force in 2010 at age 18 and was discharged in 2018. See an extended interview with him for BI's video series "Authorized Account" below:

Recalling that first strike, he said, "Every thought that was going through my mind was all about the technical aspects of the employment, you know, of shooting that weapon. There wasn't much as far as being able to stop and think, 'Wow, I'm about to take a life.'"

During his time in the Air Force, Yackley said he logged over 3,000 combat hours as a drone sensor operator. Based in the US as a staff sergeant, he spent most of his time controlling drones on the other side of the world through real-time video footage on a screen.

Yackley at work.

People often have this misconception that the job is similar to a video game, but nothing could be further from the truth, Yackley said.

"You're making life or death calls every single day," he said, adding that, "There's not a single game in the world that can prep you for what you're going to do, and the decisions that you're going to have to make, and the high-caliber level that you're going to have to operate at."

"Back in 2013, I didn't have a clue what it was doing or how it was changing me," Yackley said.

The US Air Force did not respond to a request for comment from Business Insider.

Why Yackley left the US Air Force

A young Yackley in military uniform.

After years on the job, Yackley was burned out. "At that point, my body was just tapped, and I couldn't do that work anymore."

It wasn't just the nature of the work that took a toll; it was also the demanding schedule. Yackley was on a team that worked 24 hours around the clock, divided into three groups, each working 8-hour shifts.

To ensure that no one group was on the midnight shift for too long, each group rotated to a new shift every seven weeks. Yackley was on this rotating shift schedule for years.

"The shift work in itself was just grueling," Yackley said. He started to recognize when he was about to rotate to a new shift. "I would start staying up later and later and later," he said, which disrupted his sleeping patterns and ability to get a full night's rest.

An estimated 64.3% of active-duty servicemembers do not get the recommended seven hours of sleep per night, according to the DOD's most recently available Health Related Behaviors Survey, published in 2018. And studies have found that sleep deprivation increases the risk of PTSD, which Yackley said he has.

Life after the military

Yackley with his PTSD trained service dog, Hawk.

"To be frank, being a drone operator, you know, it's taken a toll on me in my life, and my family, my relationships," Yackley said.

"It's difficult for me to maintain relationships. It's difficult for me to maintain friend circles. It's difficult for me to talk to family about it, because unless somebody actually sat in that box and did the job, they don't understand. They can try to, but most of the time it ends up doing more harm than good — trying to relate to it instead of just being supportive in the moment," he added.

In May, Yackley founded the organization Remote Warrior to help spread awareness about drone operators' mental health.

Yackley said that he never disagreed with an order and that he's proud of the work he did. "They were still targets at the end of the day. They were still doing bad things."

Read the original article on Business Insider

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无人机操作员 Tanner Yackley 军事 心理健康 PTSD Drone Operator Military Mental Health
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