少点错误 10月07日 05:33
“卡在中间”:对“动机模糊”的深入探讨
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本文探讨了人们在各种情境下“输掉”的倾向,并将其与“动机模糊”的概念联系起来。作者通过游戏、证明等例子,阐述了人们可能无意识地创造失败情境,以及这种行为可能源于社会规范或对其他“想要”的追求。文章还讨论了“动机模糊”如何影响我们的认知,以及它可能是一种隐藏的优化策略。最终,作者对这一现象的根本原因表示不确定,并以“卡在中间”的感受作结。

🌟 **“输掉”的倾向与动机模糊**:文章指出,人们在许多情况下表现出一种“需要输掉”的倾向,例如在游戏中归咎于运气不佳,或在明知不可为的情况下自我设限。这种行为被作者视为一种“动机模糊”,即人们可能不愿明确表达其真实的获胜欲望,转而创造一种不确定性。

💡 **社会训练与“想要”的替代**:作者提出,这种“需要输掉”可能并非源于不愿获胜,而是社会规范训练的结果,使人们不敢追求所声称的目标。另一种解释是,人们可能真正想要的是某种替代性的目标(X),例如表现出某种品质,当直接获胜不再能实现X时,他们会选择“输掉”以达成X的社会性满足。

🧠 **认知扭曲与隐藏优化**:文章认为,当人们将某种代理目标(proxy for X)作为主要优化对象时,它会试图伪装成真正的目标X,从而扭曲我们的认知。这种隐藏的优化策略之所以有效,是因为它能避免被真正关心X的部分所击败,尽管这会牺牲清晰的认知判断。

Published on October 6, 2025 9:27 PM GMT

Context: An old, rambling set of notes on "suck in the middle with bruce" by John R Fizzo.

People have a strong need to lose in various situations. For example: you see them say 'oh, I just got unlucky' when they play a game of Magic and don't get dealt quite the right cards in some turn. They are justifying losing, making it OK, coming up with an excuse that they will then use later on when they meet another such situation: 'oh, I have got bad cards. There's no way I can win. Losing is OK'. Then they lose. Or when people are playing games and handicap themselves even when they know that they can't possibly win, or trying to prove things that they know they can't possibly prove for no real reason. They are creating scenarios where they will lose, and they know it subconsciously. This is pervasive, and I guess it feels pretty common to me.

This really feels similar to Zvi's stuff on conformity and people burning utility because it removes any ambiguity that they actually want to win or that they want the rewards or what have you. 
    
Maybe motive ambiguity can be viewed as level three people not wanting to be viewed as level one people. The problem is, how exactly would they go about and show that their motives are not ambiguous? Like if the rallying flag is 'there's a lion over there' then if you actually try to see if there is a lion over there, AND YOU CARE ABOUT LION'S BEING OVER THERE, then you don't say that there isn't one, because otherwise you'd show your motives are unambiguously about lion's being there and not about being in the group.

John seems to be saying that we have these ingrained responses about losing being fine, about 'wanting to lose' about discarding the need to win.

I am not sure about this. Maybe it is more like we have things we want, but society trains us not to get them. OK, that interpretation is way more Vassar than Hanson, I think. Hanson's might be that we don't actually want to win the things we claim to want. Or perhaps that our 'need to lose' is just a need to win something else so strong that we maximise it rather than our conscious desires.

On the 'wanting other things' interpretation: you are playing the game not to win, but to do X. When you find yourself in a situation where X is no longer possible, but you can still win, you play to lose so you can stop wasting your time not maximising X. Perhaps X might be 'I'm a smart person, or a determined person or a kind person' and you encounter a, perhaps socially, acceptable reason for such a person to give up. Then you give up, because you have successfully acted as if X were true, perhaps socially true. 
        
I think the generalisation of this is that you've got some proxy for X that part of you is optimising for, one which attempts to conceal itself as X and screws up your epistemics because if it doesn't, it will lose to the part of you that does care about X. 
         
This need to lose can appear in hundreds, or even thousands, of situations throughout a single day.

John seems to be claiming that he has listened to his 'need to lose' and written many articles, and has been praised for it. So I guess that's an example of people loving motive ambiguity?

In the end, I don't know what to make of this. All I know is that I'm stuck in the middle with Bruce.
 



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动机模糊 需要输掉 认知偏差 社会规范 Motive Ambiguity Need to Lose Cognitive Bias Social Norms
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