Fortune | FORTUNE 10月03日 17:23
英国承诺为青年提供就业保障,解决高失业率问题
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英国财政大臣蕾切尔·里夫斯宣布了一项重大政策承诺,旨在帮助难以进入劳动力市场的年轻工人。她宣布了一项“青年保障”计划,承诺为“每一位年轻人”提供工作、大学名额或学徒培训。此举正值英国年轻人(16-24岁)失业率居高不下之际,该比率已从2022年的7.6%升至13.8%。该计划将通过一对一支持和带薪工作实习、教育或培训来解决机会障碍,特别关注那些失业超过18个月的年轻人。里夫斯表示,该计划已纳入其支出审查,计划在2026年至2029年期间每年投资12亿英镑,支持超过100万年轻人接受培训和学徒。尽管得到了商业组织的欢迎,但部分经济学家和商业领袖对该政策可能带来的经济影响表示担忧。

💰 **“青年保障”计划的推出**:英国财政大臣蕾切尔·里夫斯宣布了一项名为“青年保障”的政策,承诺为所有16至24岁的年轻人提供就业、教育或学徒培训的机会,旨在根除长期青年失业问题。该计划特别关注那些失业超过18个月的年轻人,为他们提供一对一的支持和带薪实习机会,确保他们能够获得有尊严和有保障的工作。

📈 **严峻的青年失业形势**:截至2024年9月,英国16至24岁的青年失业率高达13.8%,几乎是整体失业率的三倍,并且比2022年的历史低点7.6%大幅上升。教育中断(受新冠疫情影响)、缺乏工作经验和技能以及生活成本压力是导致这一状况的重要因素。

💼 **政策资金与实施细节**:该“青年保障”计划已纳入英国政府的支出审查,计划在2026年至2029年期间每年投入12亿英镑,以支持超过100万年轻人进入培训和学徒项目。目前,英国有94.8万名16至24岁的年轻人未全日制就学或就业。财政大臣正在与企业合作,以识别和创造工作实习机会,涵盖建筑、零售和农业等多个行业。

⚠️ **经济学家与商界的担忧**:尽管该计划得到了商业组织的欢迎,但一些经济学家和商业领袖对里夫斯政府的政策可能对经济增长产生的影响表示担忧。例如,有声音认为其政策可能导致经济增长“乏力”,也有警告称如果预算增加成本,食品价格可能会上涨。

UK Chancellor of the Exchequer Rachel Reeves announced a significant policy commitment to young workers struggling to break into the labor market.

On Monday, Reeves pledged a large investment in the next generation, announcing a “youth guarantee” that promises work, college placement (or a trade apprenticeship) to “every young person.” Reeve’s words come as the UK struggles with high youth unemployment for those ages 16 to 24.

“I commit this Labor government to nothing less than the abolition of long-term youth unemployment,” Reeves said at the Labour Party rally.

As of September, the country’s youth unemployment rate stands at 13.8%—almost three times the overall unemployment rate and more than a 6% increase from a historic low unemployment level of 7.6% for this age group in 2022. Reeves became chancellor in July 2024 after being appointed to the role by Prime Minister Keir Starmer following Labour Party’s landslide general election victory. But, youth unemployment has been on the rise due to a myriad of factors including education disruption from Covid-19, lack of work experience and skills, and cost-of-living pressures

Reeves said her party is addressing barriers to opportunity through the youth guarantee, which also promises one-on-one support for young job seekers and a paid work placement, education, or training for every young person who’s been out of work for more than 18 months.

“We won’t leave a generation of young people to languish without prospects, denied the dignity, denied the security and the ladders of opportunity that good work provides,” Reeves said.

The guarantee has been built into her spending review she announced in June that set out over 2 trillion pounds for departmental budgets from 2026 to 2029 and capital investment until 2030, she said in Monday’s speech. The spending review is a precursor to the UK’s annual budget.

In June, Reeves announced 1.2 billion pounds-a-year investment by the end of the spending review to “support over a million young people into training and apprenticeships.” Currently, 948,000 16-to 24-year-olds in the country are not in full-time education or employment—583,000 are economically inactive, and 365,000 are unemployed, according to Youth Employment UK.

Reeves told Nick Ferrari on an LBC podcast on Monday that she is working with businesses to identify work placement opportunities, but didn’t disclose if any businesses had committed to the initiative yet. She said the placements could include sectors like construction, retail, and agriculture. 

“We’ve already had this being welcomed by business organizations, but we’re only just announcing this today,” Reeves said on the podcast. “We will work now with the businesses to create these opportunities.”

Reeves’ recent policy proposals have drawn concern from economists, and some business leaders are concerned about the country’s economy under Reeves. Simon Wolfson, CEO of Next, an Enderby-based multinational retailer, said Reeve’s policies risk fueling years of “anaemic” growth. Food retailer Aldi UK chief executive Giles Hurley warned the company’s food prices may rise if the UK Budget raises costs.
The UK Budget for 2025 announced by Reeves is scheduled to be presented to Parliament on November 26. Final approval and implementation of key measures are expected before the end of December.

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英国 青年就业 失业率 劳动力市场 政策承诺 Youth Unemployment UK Policy Employment Guarantee Labor Market
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