我每天花费约十秒维护备份，每月五分钟。每天同步日常文档到加密USB和ZFS SSD，并远程同步到OpenBSD存储。每月将珍贵文件同步到三个不同格式的外部硬盘，其中两个存储在安全 deposit box，一个远程存储。这种方法确保数据安全，且操作简单。

📁 每日文档（约40GB）：包含日常使用的文档、邮件、代码、日记、创意、网站和账户等，通过桌面和笔记本电脑之间每日的rsync同步，并每日同步到加密的Linux USB、MacOS USB和桌面ZFS SSD，以及远程OpenBSD存储。

⏰ 每日维护：通过编写rsync命令快捷方式（如bkz或bkstick），每天只需在终端输入命令即可完成同步，每次操作仅需十秒，尤其在保存重要文件或关机前进行。

🔒 珍贵文件（约3TB）：包括视频、照片、音乐和电影收藏，通过三个不同格式（ZFS、OpenBSD、MacOS）的4TB外部硬盘进行备份，每月同步并轮流存放在安全 deposit box和远程存储，确保多重保护和历史版本保留。

🌐 远程存储：使用Hetzner Storage Box和ZFS.rent进行远程同步，结合本地和云存储，形成四地五份的备份策略，既防止单点故障，又保留历史版本以应对误删情况。

🔄 定期轮换：每月通过USB连接外部硬盘进行同步，并轮流存放在安全 deposit box，确保每个备份都包含最新的日常文档副本，同时保留历史版本以应对数据恢复需求。

Some people have asked, so here is how I do my backups.It takes me about ten seconds per day and five minutes per month to maintain.

It works well for me, but I’m always open to suggestions.Just email me with any ideas or questions.

every-day documents (~40 GB)

Files I use and change every day: documents, emails, code, diary, ideas, website, accounts, etc.

I have a desktop and a laptop, so I keep this ~40 GB directory cloned with rsync every day or so between them.Whenever I turn on one computer, I sync it from the other.Daily rsync to an encrypted Linux USB stick attached to the desktop.Daily rsync to an encrypted MacOS USB stick attached to the laptop.Daily rsync to an encrypted ZFS SSD inside the desktop.Daily rsync to OpenBSD remote attached storage at vultr.com as described at my “Tech Independence” page.

I’ve written shortcuts for these rsync commands so it’s really as simple as me typing bkz or bkstick in the terminal as I’m working anyway.I do it a few times a day, especially if I’ve just made or saved something of value.And always right before I shut down the computer, which I do almost any time I step away from it for more than a few minutes.That’s why I say it’s like ten seconds a day, just typing that command occasionally.

keepsakes (~3 TB)

Rarely-accessed files I want to keep forever: videos and photos of my kid, music and film collection.

Three different external 4TB 2.5" drives, in three different formats: ZFS, OpenBSD, MacOS.Every month or so, I connect them via USB cable, and rsync everything to each of them, bringing one down to a safe deposit box downtown, and taking out the one that was there from my last visit.5TB at Hetzner Storage Box, I rsync remotely.4TB at ZFS.rent, a ZFS encrypted clone.

So that’s five copies of my keepsakes in four different locations.Each one also has a recent copy of my every-day documents from above.So a few minutes a month to connect the USB drives, and I only do the safe deposit box when I’m going that way anyway, and only takes a couple minutes.

In the days of spinning-platter hard drives, they used to die surprisingly often, so I like the security of many copies.But it also helps to have some deliberately behind others, so on the rare case where I’ve deleted something, then rsynced my dailies and even my monthly, then realized I need that thing I deleted, then I know the drive in the safe deposit box has it since I haven’t updated that one in a couple months.