Deeplinks 09月29日 10:49
富豪捐款助推旧金山警方监控升级
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旧金山警方将获得一项由亿万富翁克里斯·拉森捐赠的940万美元的实时调查中心(RTCC)。该中心将设在拉森的加密货币公司Ripple Labs的办公楼内,并整合全市的警用技术资源。此举引发了对私人资金影响公共安全决策、以及监控技术滥用和隐私侵犯的担忧。文章指出,此类中心可能导致大规模 warrantless 监控,数据可能被滥用,并对边缘化社区造成更大风险。同时,文章也强调了警察部门应保持公共职能,接受民众监督,而非依赖私人捐款。

💰 **私人资金影响公共安全决策**:亿万富翁克里斯·拉森捐赠940万美元用于建立旧金山的实时调查中心,并将其设在其公司Ripple Labs的办公楼内。这种由私人资金驱动的公共安全设施引发了对决策过程是否独立、透明以及是否符合公众利益的担忧。文章指出,私人捐款可能导致警方优先考虑不受公众监督的监控技术,而非解决犯罪根源。

👁️ **大规模监控与隐私风险**:实时调查中心整合了来自各种来源的数据,包括但不限于车牌识别器、固定摄像头和执法记录仪,形成一个“无证件的数字网”。这可能导致对城市居民进行持续的、无差别的监控,收集个人行踪数据,存在被滥用或泄露的风险,尤其是在联邦移民调查中已发生过数据共享的先例。

⚖️ **透明度与问责制的缺失**:文章批评了警察基金会等半官方机构缺乏透明度,它们可以绕过城市正常的审批程序购买技术设备。拉森此前曾支持削弱旧金山2019年关于监控技术采购和使用的透明度与问责制条例。这种模式使得公众难以了解资金的去向和技术的具体应用,也削弱了民选官员对警方的控制力。

🚨 **技术有效性存疑与警务公共性**:文章质疑了监控技术在预防犯罪方面的实际效果,指出证据表明它们对犯罪活动的历史波动影响甚微。文章强调,警务应是公共职能,确保居民能够控制并要求服务和保护我们的人员承担问责。将警务的财务和技术决策外包给私人利益,会侵蚀社区的信任和控制力。

San Francisco billionaire Chris Larsen once again has wielded his wallet to keep city residents under the eye of all-seeing police surveillance. 

The San Francisco Police Commission, the Board of Supervisors, and Mayor Daniel Lurie have signed off on Larsen’s $9.4 million gift of a new Real-Time Investigations Center. The plan involves moving the city’s existing police tech hub from the public Hall of Justice not to the city’s brand-new police headquarters but instead to a sublet in the Financial District building of Ripple Labs, Larsen’s crypto-transfer company. Although the city reportedly won’t be paying for the space, the lease reportedly cost Ripple $2.3 million and will last until December 2026. 

The deal will also include a $7.25 million gift from the San Francisco Police Community Foundation that Larsen created. Police foundations are semi-public fundraising arms of police departments that allow them to buy technology and gear that the city will not give them money for.  

In Los Angeles, the city’s police foundation got $178,000 from the company Target to pay for the services of the data analytics company Palantir to use for predictive policing. In Atlanta, the city’s police foundation funds a massive surveillance apparatus as well as the much-maligned Cop City training complex. (Despite police foundations’ insistence that they are not public entities and therefore do not need to be transparent or answer public records requests, a judge recently ordered the Atlanta Police Foundation to release documentation related to Cop City.) 

A police foundation in San Francisco brings the same concerns: that an unaccountable and untransparent fundraising arm shmoozing with corporations and billionaires would fund unpopular surveillance measures without having to reveal much to the public.  

Larsen was one of the deep pockets behind last year’s Proposition E, a ballot measure to supercharge surveillance in the city. The measure usurped the city’s 2019 surveillance transparency and accountability ordinance, which had required the SFPD to get the elected Board of Supervisors’ approval before buying and using new surveillance technology. This common-sense democratic hurdle was, apparently, a bridge too far for the SFPD and for Larsen.  

We’re no fans of real-time crime centers (RTCCs), as they’re often called elsewhere, to start with. They’re basically control rooms that pull together all feeds from a vast warrantless digital dragnet, often including automated license plate readers, fixed cameras, officers’ body-worn cameras, drones, and other sources. It’s a means of consolidating constant surveillance of the entire population, tracking everyone wherever they go and whatever they do – worrisome at any time, but especially in a time of rising authoritarianism.  

Think of what this data could do if it got into federal hands; imagine how vulnerable city residents would be subject to harassment if every move they made was centralized and recorded downtown. But you don’t have to imagine, because SFPD already has been caught sharing automated license plate reader data with out-of-state law enforcement agencies assisting in federal immigration investigations. 

We’re especially opposed to RTCCs using live feeds from non-city surveillance cameras to push that panopticon’s boundaries even wider, as San Francisco’s does. Those semi-private networks of some 15,000 cameras, already abused by SFPD to surveil lawful protests against police violence, were funded in part by – you guessed it – Chris Larsen. 

These technologies could potentially endanger San Franciscans by directing armed police at them due to reliance on a faulty algorithm or by putting already-marginalized communities at further risk of overpolicing and surveillance. But studies find that these technologies just don’t work. If the goal is to stop crime before it happens, to spare someone the hardship and the trauma of getting robbed or hurt, cameras clearly do not accomplish this. There’s plenty of footage of crime occurring that belies the idea that surveillance is an effective deterrent, and although police often look to technology as a silver bullet to fight crime, evidence suggests that it does little to alter the historic ebbs and flows of criminal activity. 

Yet now this unelected billionaire – who already helped gut police accountability and transparency rules and helped fund sketchy surveillance of people exercising their First Amendment rights – wants to bankroll, expand, and host the police’s tech nerve center. 

Policing must be a public function so that residents can control - and demand accountability and transparency from - those who serve and protect but also surveil and track us all. Being financially beholden to private interests erodes the community’s trust and control and can leave the public high and dry if a billionaire’s whims change or conflict with the will of the people. Chris Larsen could have tried to address the root causes of crime that affect our community; instead, he exercises his bank account's muscle to decide that surveillance is best for San Franciscans with less in their wallets. 

Elected officials should have said “thanks but no thanks” to Larsen and ensured that the San Francisco Police Department remained under the complete control and financial auspices of nobody except the people of San Francisco. Rich people should not be allowed to fund the further degradation of our privacy as we go about our lives in our city’s public places. Residents should carefully watch what comes next to decide for themselves whether a false sense of security is worth living under constant, all-seeing, billionaire-bankrolled surveillance. 

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旧金山 警方监控 克里斯·拉森 实时调查中心 隐私 透明度 问责制 San Francisco Police Surveillance Chris Larsen Real-Time Investigations Center Privacy Transparency Accountability
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