New Yorker 09月27日
言论自由的挑战与反思
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本文探讨了美国言论自由所面临的严峻挑战,并反思了其深层含义。文章指出,尽管前总统特朗普曾承诺捍卫言论自由,但其政府在实际行动中却不断攻击新闻媒体、法律界和学术机构。同时,部分政治人物也对言论自由的界限产生动摇。文章引用评论文章,引出关于言论自由与文明、法律之外的规范,以及自由平等分配等复杂议题的讨论。此外,文章还提及了对前FBI局长詹姆斯·科米的起诉,以及在当前环境下,为何看似不当的政府行为却能被普遍接受的疑问。

⚖️ 美国言论自由面临严峻考验:尽管前总统特朗普曾承诺捍卫言论自由,但其政府在实际行动中却对媒体、法律界和学术机构进行了持续攻击,这与其公开承诺形成鲜明对比,暴露出言论自由在实践中遭遇的挑战。

🗣️ 政治言论边界的模糊与动摇:部分政治人物对言论自由的态度出现转变,例如参议员辛西娅·卢米斯对第一修正案的看法从“几乎没有制约”转变为不再持有此观点,反映出在当前政治环境下,对言论自由的传统认知正在受到冲击。

📚 学术界对言论自由的深度探讨:文章引用了评论文章,引出了关于大学校园孵化言论自由的能力以及美国特有的、可能存在根本性问题的言论自由模式的争论,这些讨论触及了言论自由的核心理念和实践方式。

❓ 公众接受度与政府行为的悖论:文章提出了一个引人深思的问题:为何在政府行为可能存在不当甚至非法的情况下,公众和社会似乎普遍选择“屈服”或接受,这揭示了言论自由在现实政治博弈中的复杂性与脆弱性。

🏛️ 对前FBI局长科米的起诉及其潜在影响:对前FBI局长詹姆斯·科米的起诉被描述为“脆弱”,但可能预示着特朗普利用司法部打击政敌的长期计划,这进一步加剧了对政治权力是否会滥用以压制异见的担忧。

At the end of another tumultuous week, we’re discussing the indictment against Trump’s longtime political foil James Comey, and the state of free speech in America. Plus:

In the debate over speech freedoms, we’d do well to remember that any standard we apply might be applied to us.Illustration by Miguel Porlan

David Remnick
Editor, The New Yorker

Back in January, during his Inaugural Address, Donald Trump declared that “after years and years of illegal and unconstitutional federal efforts to restrict free expression,” he would issue an executive order “to immediately stop all government censorship and bring back free speech to America.” There was, as always, reason to be skeptical. (In fact, his very next line was “Never again will the immense power of the state be weaponized to persecute political opponents,” which, based on last night’s indictment of James Comey, is especially striking.) The months that followed revealed the hollowness of this order, which was so clearly at odds with the President’s own disposition. In recent months, the Trump Administration has engaged in a relentless attack against press outlets, law firms, universities, museums, and other institutions not to its liking. Others in the Party have taken his lead. Recently, Senator Cynthia Lummis, a Republican from Wyoming, responded to the F.C.C. chairman Brendan Carr’s threats against Jimmy Kimmel and Disney, by telling Semafor, “Under normal times, in normal circumstances, I tend to think that the First Amendment should always be sort of the ultimate right. And that there should be almost no checks and balances on it. I don’t feel that way anymore.”

“The United States is in a speech war,” Louis Menand writes in a remarkable new essay for The New Yorker. Menand, a longtime staff writer at the magazine and a professor of English at Harvard, considers the arguments of two new books, which make very different but equally provocative claims: one suggests that college campuses are, despite their reputations, actually quite good at incubating free speech; the other argues that the unabridged American version of free speech, unique in the world, was a terrible mistake from the very start.

These are big, thorny questions: How compatible are free speech and civility? How do we enforce norms of free expression that aren’t clearly protected by law? Can the freedoms of speech ever really be distributed equally among people? And there is a more practical, and perhaps more pressing, question—about our current moment. “If the Administration’s actions are so blatantly unlawful,” Menand asks, “why does everyone seem to be caving?”

Read the story »


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Erin Neil contributed to today’s edition.

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言论自由 美国政治 特朗普 James Comey 第一修正案 Freedom of Speech US Politics Trump First Amendment
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