Fortune | FORTUNE 09月23日 08:27
巴塔哥尼亚创始人如何摆脱亿万富翁身份
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文章讲述了巴塔哥尼亚创始人伊冯·舒伊纳德(Yvon Chouinard)对成为亿万富翁的看法。他认为财富的集中是一种“政策失败”,并积极寻求摆脱亿万富翁的标签。舒伊纳德拒绝出售公司或上市,而是选择将公司所有权转移给一个信托和一个非营利组织,以确保公司利润用于应对气候变化和保护土地。此举旨在倡导一种新的资本主义模式,而非加剧贫富差距。文章还提及了全球财富不平等加剧的现象以及一些富豪的慈善行为,并指出亿万富翁群体仍在快速增长。

💰 **对亿万富翁身份的独特看法**:与许多将亿万富翁视为成功标志的商业领袖不同,巴塔哥尼亚创始人伊冯·舒伊纳德将登上福布斯富豪榜视为“他生命中最糟糕的一天”。他认为巨额财富的集中是一种“政策失败”,反映了日益加剧的贫富差距,并对此感到“非常愤怒”。舒伊纳德强调自己并非拥有数十亿美元现金,生活方式也远非奢华,这与大众对亿万富翁的刻板印象形成鲜明对比。

⛰️ **拒绝传统财富积累和公司治理模式**:舒伊纳德坚决反对出售其创立的价值30亿美元的户外服装公司巴塔哥尼亚,也拒绝了公司上市(IPO)。他认为一旦公司上市,就将失去对公司的控制权,并被迫最大化股东利润,从而变成“不负责任的公司”之一。他宁愿保留公司的资产,也不愿将其转化为个人名下的巨额现金,以免落入“亿万富翁”的行列。

🌍 **创新性的财富转移与社会责任实践**:为了摆脱亿万富翁的身份并践行其社会责任,舒伊纳德及其家人在2022年做出了一个创举:将巴塔哥尼亚的所有权转移给了一个信托和一个非营利组织。这一安排确保了公司每年1亿美元的利润将用于对抗气候变化和保护未开发土地。舒伊纳德的目的是希望这能“影响一种新的资本主义形式”,让财富被用于积极拯救地球,而非仅为少数富人积累财富。

📈 **全球财富不平等与亿万富翁的增长**:文章指出,财富不平等是一个日益受到关注的问题,许多美国成年人认为巨额个人财富是“坏事”。尽管如此,全球亿万富翁的数量仍在持续快速增长。例如,2024年亿万富翁的增长速度是前一年的三倍,平均每周就有近四名新晋亿万富翁诞生。文章还提及了“捐赠誓言”等慈善倡议,但指出实际跟进的签署者比例不高,而富豪们的财富却在不断膨胀。

For many business leaders, joining the billionaires club is the ultimate badge of success—placing them among the ranks of Warren Buffett, Bill Gates, and Jeff Bezos.

However, for Yvon Chouinard, the founder of the outdoor apparel company Patagonia, being highlighted as a member of the ultrawealthy was “one of the worst days of his life.”

“It really, really pissed me off,” he said upon being placed on Forbes 2017 billionaire list, according to excerpts from Dirtbag Billionaire: How Yvon Chouinard Built Patagonia, Made a Fortune, and Gave It All Away by David Gelles.

“I don’t have $1 billion in the bank. You know, I don’t drive Lexuses.”

A lifelong rock climber, Chouinard spent years sleeping in his car or on dirt floors in the wilderness, surviving on just $1 a day and even eating dented cans of cat food. That scrappy existence makes his billionaire milestone all the more remarkable—especially as a pioneer in the climbing world.

However, the now 86-year-old did not believe being a billionaire was something to tout. Instead, he viewed it as a “policy failure” due to the growing divide between the rich and poor and demanded his staff get him off the list—but selling the $3 billion company or going public was off the table.

How Patagonia’s founder got his name off the list of the world’s richest

Selling the company would make Chouinard go from asset-rich to having actual billions in the bank—defeating the purpose of the exercise.

And he refused to IPO. “I don’t respect the stock market at all,” Chouinard said according to Gelles’ new book. “Once you’re public, you’ve lost control over the company, and you have to maximize profits for the shareholder. You lose all control, and then you become one of these irresponsible companies.”

So in 2022, Chouinard and his family decided to transfer their ownership in Patagonia to a trust and a nonprofit organization that ensured the company’s $100 million a year in profits were used to combat climate change and protect undeveloped land.

“Hopefully this will influence a new form of capitalism that doesn’t end up with a few rich people and a bunch of poor people,” Chouinard told The New York Times at the time of the announcement. “We are going to give away the maximum amount of money to people who are actively working on saving this planet.”

And while the move was also a way to avoid paying significant taxes from just letting Patagonia shift to Chouinard’s heirs, he said it was the ideal solution to escaping billionaire status.

Four new billionaires are minted every week

Chouinard is not alone in his feelings that wealth inequality is a growing concern. Over a quarter of U.S. adults across political affiliations say it’s a bad thing that some people have personal fortunes of a billion dollars or more, according to Pew Research Center

And while a majority of Americans, 55%, remain unconcerned, many billionaires have taken it upon themselves to give away their masses of wealth. In 2010, Warren Buffett as well as Bill and Melinda French Gates created The Giving Pledge, a commitment to give away 50% of their wealth to philanthropy during their lifetimes.

An estimated $206 billion has been donated by the original pledgers, but a majority of the money has gone into private foundations, according to the Institute for Policy Studies. Less than 4% of the signers have followed through on the pact.

Meanwhile, billionaire wealth continues to increase dramatically; billionaire growth increased three times faster in 2024 versus the year prior—equating to an average of nearly four new billionaires every week, Oxfam estimates. In the U.S. alone, billionaire wealth increased by $1.4 trillion in 2024, with 74 more people becoming billionaires.

This year alone, Larry Ellison’s net worth has soared by $175 billion, according to the Bloomberg Billionaire Index. And while he briefly surpassed Elon Musk as the richest person in the world, the Tesla and SpaceX CEO has recemented his lead with a net worth of $440 billion.

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巴塔哥尼亚 Yvon Chouinard 亿万富翁 财富转移 社会责任 Patagonia Billionaire Wealth Inequality Social Responsibility Philanthropy
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