All Content from Business Insider 09月18日
前Facebook安全主管分享育儿手机使用八规则
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前Facebook和雅虎安全主管Alex Stamos提出了八条关于在智能手机和社交媒体时代抚养孩子的建议。他强调了“信任但验证”的原则,并建议家长应掌握孩子的手机密码,随时进行抽查。Stamos认为,青少年熬夜发短信是导致社交和教育问题的根源,因此他提倡孩子在夜间“停靠”手机,并限制社交媒体的使用,确保其账户设置为私密。他还强调了培养公开沟通文化的重要性,让孩子明白可以向父母坦诚错误,不必惧怕成人诱导。此外,他还推荐使用Apple的“通信安全”功能来阻止发送和接收裸照。

📱 **设定界限与“信任但验证”**: Stamos建议家长在孩子13岁左右开始考虑提供手机,并遵循“信任但验证”的原则。这意味着家长应掌握孩子的手机密码,并保留随时检查手机内容的权利。如果孩子拒绝交出手机,则应没收。这种机制旨在让孩子知道他们的行为会受到监督,并将重点放在保护他们免受网络不良信息和潜在危险的侵害,而非仅仅是监控他们的日常上网内容。

🌙 **限制夜间使用与解决睡眠问题**: Stamos特别指出,青少年因整夜与朋友发短信而导致睡眠不足,这进而引发了各种社交和教育问题。他提倡孩子在夜间将手机“停靠”(dock)起来,确保充足的休息。这种做法有助于改善孩子的睡眠质量,从而提升其在学校的表现和整体的身心健康。

🔒 **审慎管理社交媒体与保护隐私**: 对于社交媒体的使用,Stamos的建议是“直到他们准备好为止”。一旦允许使用,他强调必须将孩子的个人资料设置为私密,以最大限度地减少不必要的曝光和潜在的风险。他认为,随着年轻一代更倾向于私密通信,社交媒体的吸引力可能正在减弱,这种趋势是积极的。

🗣️ **建立开放沟通与“疫苗接种”**: Stamos强调建立一种开放的沟通文化至关重要。他指出,不良行为者常常诱骗孩子隐瞒错误,并利用家长的愤怒来孤立孩子。因此,家长需要“接种”孩子,让他们明白,如果有人告诉他们不要告诉父母某事,那是在撒谎。家长应承诺不因他人(尤其是成年人)的行为而责怪孩子,并且会原谅他们可能犯下的任何错误。

🛡️ **利用技术工具加强安全防护**: Stamos还建议利用现有的技术安全功能。他特别提到了Apple的“通信安全”(Communication Safety)功能,该功能可以阻止发送和接收裸照。尽管13岁以上的孩子可以(不幸的是)绕过此功能,但它仍然是为较年幼的孩子提供一层额外保护的重要工具。

Former Facebook and Yahoo security executive Alex Stamos has eight recommended rules for raising kids in the age of smartphones and social media.

When it comes to his kids' phones, former Facebook chief security officer Alex Stamos has a simple philosophy: "trust but verify."

As schools institute cellphone bans and buy lockout pouches, parents continue to grapple with how much access their children should get to the internet. Stamos has had a particularly close-up view of its "horrible underside," having worked in leading security positions at both Yahoo and Facebook.

Stamos outlined his eight phone rules for kids, seven of which he shared on the "Tosh Show" podcast and one that he recommended to us in a follow-up email.

The first question is just when your child should even have a phone. Stamos' 13-year-old daughter has a phone, which he said there was "no way to prevent."

"She got it at 13, that was her line," he told podcast host and comedian Daniel Tosh. "Hold back on giving them a phone until they can handle it."

In an email to Business Insider, Stamos wrote that "lots of kids have devices before 13," and that it was "up to every parent."

"iPads or other tablets can be locked down to only allow the apps you approve, and it's important to not open up the web browser until they are older because then you have no control of what they get to," he wrote.

Once they have a phone, Stamos said on the podcast that parents should watch their children's technological habits closely. His two rules about monitoring were that parents should always have the password to a child's phone and perform spot checks.

"At any moment, you can tell your kids, 'Give me your phone,'" he said. "If they ever refuse to give it to you, that's it, it's gone."

Stamos said that the "threat" means the kids know they'll have to share their phone contents. He tells his kids that it isn't about what they do on the internet; it's about what other "bad people" could do to them.

Americans have used various tricks to escape prolonged doom-scrolling. Some have even gone as far as purchasing "dumb phones" or investing in a corded landline.

Stamos' solution is simpler: Kids should use the built-in screen time settings, and they should have to "dock" their phones at night. This night period was a great time to do spot checks, he said.

"Teenagers aren't sleeping because they have their phones all night, and they text each other all night," Stamos said.

Over email, Stamos wrote that late-night texting was "causing all kinds of social and educational problems."

Concerned parents often point out that social media executives restrict their own kids' usage. Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg covers up his kids' faces in social media posts, and said that he didn't want them "sitting in front of a TV or a computer for a long period of time" in 2019. Google CEO Sundar Pichai said in 2018 that his then-11-year-old son didn't have a phone.

Stamos is no exception; he said on the podcast that his rule is that kids shouldn't have social media "until they're ready." When they are ready, he said their profiles should be set to private.

Host Daniel Tosh said that social media must be "on its way out," to which Stamos agreed, pointing to the younger generations' preferences.

"They're much more into private communications with each other," Stamos said. "I think that's a really positive aspect, and that's driven from the kids."

Stamos' final rule is to promote a culture of openness. He said some of the worst internet behavior occurs when bad actors convince children they can't admit online mistakes to their parents.

"What predators know is that, if they can trick a kid into making a mistake, they can then create a situation in which it is you and me against your parents," Stamos said. "They are very good at that. I've seen these transcripts."

Stamos said that parents need to "vaccinate" their kids against that behavior, telling them, "If somebody tells you not to tell us something because we'll be mad, they're lying to you."

"It's important for kids to understand that you won't hold them responsible for the actions of others, especially adults, and that any mistakes they make will be forgiven," Stamos wrote in his email to Business Insider.

Stamos shared one final tip with us.

"For technical controls, Apple's 'communication safety' is an important one to turn on as it blocks sending and receiving nude photos," he wrote, adding that kids over 13 can "unfortunately" override the feature.

Read the original article on Business Insider

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手机使用 育儿 社交媒体 青少年 网络安全 Alex Stamos Parenting Social Media Teens Online Safety
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