The Verge - Artificial Intelligences 09月18日
美民众对人工智能态度:担忧多于期待
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一项皮尤研究中心的新调查显示,美国民众对人工智能(AI)的未来发展普遍持谨慎态度。高达50%的受访者表示,他们对AI在日常生活中的应用感到担忧多于兴奋,这一比例较2023年略有下降,但显著高于2021年的37%。民众主要担忧AI会削弱人类的创造力和人际交往能力,尤其是在情感关系和宗教信仰等个人领域,大多数人希望AI保持距离。此外,AI生成内容带来的信息误传问题也引发了广泛关注,多数人难以辨别AI生成内容,并希望增强对AI应用的控制权,但现实中普遍感到力不从心。

🤔 **担忧多于期待,民众对AI应用持谨慎态度**:皮尤研究中心的最新调查显示,美国民众对人工智能在日常生活中的应用普遍感到担忧,50%的受访者表示担忧多于兴奋,这一比例显著高于2021年。这种情绪表明公众对AI的快速发展持谨慎观望态度,而非一味乐观。

💔 **担忧AI影响人际关系与创造力,个人领域尤其受关注**:受访者普遍担心AI会负面影响人类的创造性思维以及与他人建立有意义联系的能力。特别是在约会匹配、宗教信仰咨询等个人领域,绝大多数人希望AI不介入,体现了对AI渗透个人生活的抵触。

📢 **信息误传与辨识困难,民众呼吁增强控制权**:AI生成内容带来的信息误传问题是民众关注的另一焦点,18%的受访者将其列为首要担忧。然而,多数人(53%)不确定自己能否识别AI生成内容,这凸显了在信息时代辨别真伪的挑战。同时,61%的民众希望获得更多关于AI如何被使用的控制权,但仅有43%认为自己拥有少许或部分控制权,显示出控制力与期望之间的差距。

🧑‍🤝‍🧑 **年轻群体担忧尤甚,AI普及面临挑战**:令人意外的是,年轻一代(30岁以下)比老年群体(65岁以上)对AI可能侵蚀人类能力的担忧更为强烈。这一现象表明,AI技术的普及和发展不仅是技术问题,更关乎代际间的认知差异和社会接受度。

A new study from Pew suggests that Americans aren’t particularly optimistic about AI. A full 50 percent of respondents said they were more concerned than excited about the use of AI in their daily lives. That’s down ever so slightly from 52 percent in 2023, but it’s up significantly from 37 percent in 2021. 

Americans expressed a number of concerns about AI, chief among them that it will negatively impact our ability to think creatively and form meaningful relationships with other people. Just 18 percent believed that AI should play any role at all in dating and matchmaking, with just 3 percent being comfortable with it playing a “big role.” The theme in general was that Americans are okay with AI performing analysis on large data to, say, predict the weather, or find cures for disease, but they wanted it to stay out of their personal lives. Two-thirds of people want it to stay out of their love lives entirely, and 73 percent believe it has no place advising people on their religious beliefs.

Another concern was the spread of misinformation. 18 percent of respondents rated misinformation as their number one concern, behind only its negative impact on human abilities and connections. Americans felt that it was very important to be able to identify AI-generated work, but 53 percent said they were not confident in their ability to do so.

Interestingly, in a reversal of what you’d expect with the emergence of new technologies, it’s actually younger Americans who are more concerned. 57 percent of those under 30 said they were extremely concerned that AI would erode people’s abilities, while only 46 percent of those over 65 said the same.

Broadly, though, it’s clear that Americans are taking a skeptical eye towards AI. 61 percent said they wanted more control over how AI is used in their daily lives. Unfortunately, 57 percent believe they have little or no control over that.

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人工智能 AI 公众态度 皮尤研究中心 担忧 科技伦理 Artificial Intelligence AI Public Opinion Pew Research Center Concerns Technology Ethics
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