Fortune | FORTUNE 09月16日
AI发展或将缩短工作周,CEO们展望未来工作模式
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随着人工智能技术的飞速发展,包括Zoom CEO Eric Yuan在内的多位科技和金融界领袖预测,未来工作周可能会缩短至三到四天。AI能够自动化处理大量重复性任务,从而提高生产力并减少员工的整体工作量。例如,Exos公司试验性的四天工作周显著降低了员工倦怠并提高了生产力。然而,这种转变也伴随着对就业市场的担忧,一些职位可能会被自动化取代。但同时,新的技术管理和应用岗位也将应运而生,正如历史上的技术革新一样,AI带来的可能是工作模式的根本性重塑,而非单纯的岗位消失。

🤖 **AI驱动的工作模式变革**: 诸如Zoom CEO Eric Yuan、微软联合创始人Bill Gates、英伟达CEO Jensen Huang以及摩根大通CEO Jamie Dimon等行业领袖,普遍认为AI技术的进步将显著改变未来的工作模式,并可能导致工作周的缩短。Yuan甚至预测,AI的广泛应用将使员工每周只需工作三到四天,从而释放更多个人时间。

📈 **生产力提升与员工福祉**: AI工具能够自动化执行从邮件发送到代码编写等一系列任务,极大地提高了工作效率。例如,美国公司Exos在试行缩短工作日后,员工倦怠感减半,生产力提升了24%。这种效率的提升为缩短工作周提供了现实基础,也预示着更好的工作与生活平衡。

💼 **就业市场的双重影响**: AI自动化在提高效率的同时,也带来了就业结构性调整的挑战。一些重复性、低技能的工作岗位可能面临被取代的风险。然而,正如历史上的技术革新所示,AI也将催生新的就业机会,例如AI系统的管理、维护和应用开发等领域,整体就业规模可能不会减少,而是工作性质发生转变。

🌐 **全球CEO的共识与展望**: 尽管对具体影响的看法略有不同,但全球多位CEO对AI带来的工作周缩短趋势持乐观态度。他们认为,AI不仅能提升生产力,还能在长期内改善人类的生活质量。这种共识表明,缩短工作周并非遥不可及的设想,而是正在发生的趋势,对企业和员工都将带来深远影响。

However, as more chatbots and automated assistants take over the duties of human roles, there’s a growing cohort of executives who see shorter workweeks on the horizon—and Zoom CEO Eric Yuan can even see staffers only clocking in a few days a week. 

“I feel like if A.I. can make all of our lives better, why do we need to work for five days a week?” Yuan told The New York Times in a recent interview. “Every company will support three days, four days a week. I think this ultimately frees up everyone’s time.”

It’s music to the ears of Americans stuck in corporate hustle culture, enviously watching their European peers trial four-day workweeks with major success. And when U.S. performance coaching company Exos experimented with schedules one workday shorter, it proved to be good for business; employee burnout was cut in half, and productivity soared by 24%. And CEOs agree shorter workweeks born from these automation gains will be terrific for human workers—even if it means fewer of them have jobs in general. 

Fortune reached out to Zoom for comment.

Other CEOs including Gates, Huang, and Dimon see a shorter workweek ahead

AI tools can be immensely useful for staffers, cutting out everything from menial tasks like emailing to more tedious jobs like coding. Tech leaders are seeing the gains from AI firsthand, and they’re promoting the possibility that employees will no longer have to clock in five days a week. 

Microsoft cofounder Gates first pioneered technology back in the 1970s and 1980s; and now, the billionaire predicted that AI’s current pace of innovation will remove the need for humans for “most things” in the next 10 years. When people are no longer needed, those who are left on staff won’t have to swipe in daily. 

“What will jobs be like? Should we just work like 2 or 3 days a week?” Gates told Jimmy Fallon on The Tonight Show in February. “If you zoom out, the purpose of life is not just to do jobs.”

Nvidia CEO Huang is also on board with the idea of fewer workdays—but has a catch. The leader of the $4 trillion GPU company said that we’re just “at the beginning of the AI revolution,” and if industries continue to adopt artificial intelligence at the current rapid rate, it could “probably” bring about a four-day workweek. However, that work may only be crammed into a condensed schedule, as Huang predicts that we’re going to be “busier in the future than now.”

Even the financial industry—known for putting its workers through 80-hour workweeks—may finally get some relief from AI automation. JPMorgan Chase CEO Dimon predicted years ago that the technology may bring about better work-life balance, although it would “of course” replace some jobs. 

“Your children are going to live to 100 and not have cancer because of technology,” Dimon said in an interview with Bloomberg TV back in 2023. “And literally they’ll probably be working 3 and a half days a week.”

Zoom CEO admits that some jobs will be erased

While workers globally will finally have the opportunity to clock in fewer days per week, not everyone will be enjoying the shortened schedules. Leaders are open to the fact that there will be a massive upheaval in the jobs market, with some roles inevitably automated in the shift. Zoom’s CEO doesn’t shy away from the reality that some humans will be fired—but it’s just another adjustment, just like the industrial revolution and birth of the internet. 

“Whenever there’s a technology paradigm shift, some job opportunities are gone, but it will create some new opportunities,” Yuan admitted in the interview. “For some jobs, like entry-level engineers, we can use A.I. to write code. However, you still need to manage that code. You also create a lot of digital agents, and you need someone to manage those agents.”

Other chief executives like Ford CEO Jim Farley and Klarna leader Sebastian Siemiatkowski agree that some roles will be erased in the change—but some, like Huang, think it could actually bolster employment. Instead of humans being replaced by AI, the chip leader claimed that people’s roles will be taken over by others who can actually use the advanced tech. 

“Over the course of the last 300 years, 100 years, 60 years, even, in the era of computers, not only did productivity go up, employment also went up,” Huang told CNN this year. “Now the reason for that is if we have an abundance of ideas, ways that we could build a better future, if we were more productive, we could realize that better.”

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AI 工作周 未来工作 自动化 CEO Zoom Microsoft Nvidia JPMorgan Chase Job Market Productivity
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