🚦 **上传速度异常与初步解决**：用户发现其中一个宽带地址（A）的上传速度被限制在10M（约1MB/s），而另一个同城千兆宽带（B）则正常。经过与电信客服及IT后台人员的多次沟通，并提供A、B地址间iPerf3测速截图及对电信官网测试白名单机制的理论分析，电信方面在一周后处理了工单，A地址的上传速度似乎得到了恢复。

🐢 **Tailscale隧道下的持续限速**：在A地址上传速度看似恢复后，用户通过B地址利用Tailscale进行iPerf3测试，发现A地址的上传速度仍然被限制在10M。这表明，即使在电信处理了相关工单后，通过Tailscale（一种利用UDP封装流量的VPN服务）进行的上传测试仍然受到限制，暗示了问题可能与UDP流量处理或特定网络路径有关。

🌐 **公网IP测试的复杂性**：进一步的测试显示，使用公网IP直接进行iPerf3测试（需开高位端口）时，TCP限速有时会解除，上传速度接近满速。然而，UDP传输的速度却一直受到严格限制，有时甚至表现为接近于零的速度。当用户尝试通过公网IP进行UDP反向测试（B传给A，测试A的上传）时，速度可以达到约100M，但在连续测试一段时间后，或者直接从B宽带通过公网IP进行UDP测试时，速度会骤降至10M左右，并且在多次测试后，直接公网UDP传输速度变得异常低下，伴随大量丢包。

🤔 **UDP异常低速的可能原因**：在B宽带处通过Tailscale测试时，无论TCP还是UDP，其上传速度都稳定在10M左右。而公网直接UDP测试的异常低速（接近零）和大量丢包，以及TCP有时不受限的情况，都指向了网络层面的某种限制或干扰，特别是针对UDP协议的流量控制策略，这与Tailscale依赖UDP传输的特性相吻合，解释了为何Tailscale测试下上传速度持续受限。

我的 2 个地址（简称 A 和 B ）都是同城电信千兆宽带（百兆上传），之前发现 A 地址的上传被限速到 10M （上传 1MB/s ）然后打 10000 后和 it 后台人员理论后，先说找不到问题，然后我发了 A 和 B 宽带互测的 iperf 的截图和理论当前电信官网的测试白名单机制后，过了一周多，直接收到工单完成的短信。

于是我用之前被限速的测速网站后，发现上传是恢复了……（吗？）

在 B 宽带处用 iperf 通过 tailscale 测试连接的速度后。发现 A 宽带还是被限速到 10M 。

然后我用 iperf 通过公网 ip 来测（要开高位端口才行，默认端口连不通），发现 tcp 的限速有时候被取消了。但是 udp 的还是一直被限速。之所以说有时候，是因为测了一会，就可能会触发限速

通过公网直接从 B 宽带的测试结果（反向模式，A 传输给 B ，测试 A 的上传）：

> iperf3.exe -c {public ip} -p 25021 -u -b 100M[  4] local {lan ip} port 53674 connected to {public ip} port 25021[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Total Datagrams[  4]   0.00-1.01   sec  10.9 MBytes  90.2 Mbits/sec  1395[  4]   1.01-2.00   sec  12.0 MBytes   102 Mbits/sec  1535[  4]   2.00-3.01   sec  12.0 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1534[  4]   3.01-4.01   sec  11.7 MBytes  98.3 Mbits/sec  1503[  4]   4.01-5.01   sec  11.9 MBytes  99.9 Mbits/sec  1527[  4]   5.01-6.00   sec  12.0 MBytes   102 Mbits/sec  1538[  4]   6.00-7.00   sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1529[  4]   7.00-8.00   sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1529[  4]   8.00-9.01   sec  11.8 MBytes  98.4 Mbits/sec  1506[  4]   9.01-10.01  sec  11.9 MBytes  99.7 Mbits/sec  1527- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Jitter    Lost/Total Datagrams[  4]   0.00-10.01  sec   118 MBytes  99.0 Mbits/sec  0.362 ms  6548/15101 (43%)[  4] Sent 15101 datagrams> iperf3.exe -c {public ip} -p 25021 -u -b 100M -RConnecting to host {public ip}, port 25021Reverse mode, remote host 218.78.176.224 is sending[  4] local {lan ip} port 49192 connected to {public ip} port 25021[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Jitter    Lost/Total Datagrams[  4]   0.00-1.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   1.01-2.00   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   2.00-3.02   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   3.02-4.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   4.01-5.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   5.01-6.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   6.01-7.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   7.01-8.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   8.01-9.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   9.01-10.01  sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Jitter    Lost/Total Datagrams[  4]   0.00-10.01  sec   120 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4] Sent 0 datagrams

测了几次以后，在继续通过公网测试就会这样：

Reverse mode, remote host {public ip} is sending[  4] local {lan ip} port 5913 connected to {public ip} port 25021[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth[  4]   0.00-1.00   sec  1.67 MBytes  14.0 Mbits/sec[  4]   1.00-2.01   sec   589 KBytes  4.82 Mbits/sec[  4]   2.01-3.02   sec   588 KBytes  4.77 Mbits/sec[  4]   3.02-4.00   sec   595 KBytes  4.95 Mbits/sec[  4]   4.00-5.00   sec   592 KBytes  4.84 Mbits/sec[  4]   5.00-6.01   sec   581 KBytes  4.74 Mbits/sec[  4]   6.01-7.00   sec   608 KBytes  5.01 Mbits/sec[  4]   7.00-8.00   sec   591 KBytes  4.82 Mbits/sec[  4]   8.00-9.00   sec   593 KBytes  4.87 Mbits/sec[  4]   9.00-10.00  sec   586 KBytes  4.81 Mbits/sec[  4]  10.00-11.00  sec   603 KBytes  4.94 Mbits/sec[  4]  11.00-12.00  sec   592 KBytes  4.85 Mbits/sec[  4]  12.00-13.00  sec   592 KBytes  4.85 Mbits/sec[  4]  13.00-14.00  sec   593 KBytes  4.85 Mbits/sec[  4]  14.00-15.00  sec   592 KBytes  4.85 Mbits/sec- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Retr[  4]   0.00-15.00  sec  10.2 MBytes  5.73 Mbits/sec  823             sender[  4]   0.00-15.00  sec  9.90 MBytes  5.53 Mbits/sec                  receiverServer output:-----------------------------------------------------------Server listening on 25021 (test #3)-----------------------------------------------------------Accepted connection from {public ip}, port 5912[  5] local 172.16.1.2 port 25021 connected to 58.35.163.121 port 5913[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr  Cwnd[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec  2.12 MBytes  17.8 Mbits/sec  450   7.03 KBytes[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec   512 KBytes  4.19 Mbits/sec   19   7.03 KBytes[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec   512 KBytes  4.20 Mbits/sec   22   8.44 KBytes[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec   640 KBytes  5.24 Mbits/sec   28   7.03 KBytes[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec   640 KBytes  5.25 Mbits/sec   19   7.03 KBytes[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec   640 KBytes  5.24 Mbits/sec   23   7.03 KBytes[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec   512 KBytes  4.19 Mbits/sec   34   5.62 KBytes[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec   512 KBytes  4.19 Mbits/sec   24   7.03 KBytes[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec   768 KBytes  6.30 Mbits/sec   27   8.44 KBytes[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec   512 KBytes  4.19 Mbits/sec   37   7.03 KBytes[  5]  10.00-11.00  sec   512 KBytes  4.19 Mbits/sec   28   5.62 KBytes[  5]  11.00-12.00  sec   640 KBytes  5.25 Mbits/sec   30   7.03 KBytes[  5]  12.00-13.00  sec   768 KBytes  6.29 Mbits/sec   23   8.44 KBytes[  5]  13.00-14.00  sec   512 KBytes  4.19 Mbits/sec   24   7.03 KBytes[  5]  14.00-15.00  sec   512 KBytes  4.19 Mbits/sec   35   7.03 KBytes- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr[  5]   0.00-15.01  sec  10.1 MBytes  5.66 Mbits/sec  823            sender

如果是在 B 宽带处通过 tailscale 测试就一直这样,限速 10M：UDP

iperf3.exe -c 172.16.1.2 -R -u -b 100M -t 15 --get-server-outputConnecting to host 172.16.1.2, port 5201Reverse mode, remote host 172.16.1.2 is sending[  4] local 100.88.112.34 port 59706 connected to 172.16.1.2 port 5201[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Jitter    Lost/Total Datagrams[  4]   0.00-1.00   sec  1.89 MBytes  15.8 Mbits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/242 (0%)[  4]   1.00-2.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   2.01-3.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   3.01-4.00   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   4.00-5.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   5.01-6.00   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   6.00-7.00   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   7.00-8.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   8.01-9.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   9.01-10.01  sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]  10.01-11.00  sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]  11.00-12.01  sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]  12.01-13.00  sec  32.0 KBytes   264 Kbits/sec  14913.186 ms  18911/18915 (1e+02%)[  4]  13.00-14.01  sec  1.15 MBytes  9.57 Mbits/sec  7.996 ms  1270/1417 (90%)[  4]  14.01-15.01  sec  1.30 MBytes  10.9 Mbits/sec  4.413 ms  762/929 (82%)- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Jitter    Lost/Total Datagrams[  4]   0.00-15.01  sec   179 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  2.946 ms  22171/22927 (97%)[  4] Sent 22927 datagramsServer output:-----------------------------------------------------------Server listening on 5201 (test #2)-----------------------------------------------------------Accepted connection from 172.16.2.1, port 5903[  5] local 172.16.1.2 port 5201 connected to 172.16.2.1 port 59706[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Total Datagrams[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec  11.9 MBytes  99.9 Mbits/sec  1529[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1527[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1526[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec  11.9 MBytes  99.9 Mbits/sec  1524[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1525[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec  11.9 MBytes  99.9 Mbits/sec  1525[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1528[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec  11.9 MBytes  99.9 Mbits/sec  1526[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1526[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1525[  5]  10.00-11.00  sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1525[  5]  11.00-12.00  sec  11.9 MBytes  99.9 Mbits/sec  1527[  5]  12.00-13.00  sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1525[  5]  13.00-14.00  sec  11.9 MBytes  99.9 Mbits/sec  1525[  5]  14.00-15.00  sec  11.9 MBytes  99.9 Mbits/sec  1526[  5]  15.00-15.03  sec   336 KBytes   105 Mbits/sec  41- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Jitter    Lost/Total Datagrams[  5]   0.00-15.03  sec   179 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  0.000 ms  0/22930 (0%)  sender

TCP

iperf3.exe -c 172.16.1.2 -R -P 4 -b 100M -t 15 --get-server-outputConnecting to host 172.16.1.2, port 5201Reverse mode, remote host 172.16.1.2 is sending[  4] local 100.88.112.34 port 6007 connected to 172.16.1.2 port 5201[  6] local 100.88.112.34 port 6008 connected to 172.16.1.2 port 5201[  8] local 100.88.112.34 port 6009 connected to 172.16.1.2 port 5201[ 10] local 100.88.112.34 port 6010 connected to 172.16.1.2 port 5201[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth[  4]   0.00-1.00   sec   597 KBytes  4.88 Mbits/sec[  6]   0.00-1.00   sec   550 KBytes  4.49 Mbits/sec...[SUM]  14.00-15.00  sec  1006 KBytes  8.23 Mbits/sec- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Retr[  4]   0.00-15.00  sec  3.88 MBytes  2.17 Mbits/sec  258             sender[  4]   0.00-15.00  sec  3.88 MBytes  2.17 Mbits/sec                  receiver[  6]   0.00-15.00  sec  4.50 MBytes  2.52 Mbits/sec  303             sender[  6]   0.00-15.00  sec  4.42 MBytes  2.47 Mbits/sec                  receiver[  8]   0.00-15.00  sec  5.00 MBytes  2.80 Mbits/sec  347             sender[  8]   0.00-15.00  sec  4.96 MBytes  2.77 Mbits/sec                  receiver[ 10]   0.00-15.00  sec  3.00 MBytes  1.68 Mbits/sec  230             sender[ 10]   0.00-15.00  sec  2.97 MBytes  1.66 Mbits/sec                  receiver[SUM]   0.00-15.00  sec  16.4 MBytes  9.16 Mbits/sec  1138             sender[SUM]   0.00-15.00  sec  16.2 MBytes  9.07 Mbits/sec                  receiverServer output:-----------------------------------------------------------Server listening on 5201 (test #3)-----------------------------------------------------------Accepted connection from 172.16.2.1, port 6006[  5] local 172.16.1.2 port 5201 connected to 172.16.2.1 port 6007[  8] local 172.16.1.2 port 5201 connected to 172.16.2.1 port 6008[ 10] local 172.16.1.2 port 5201 connected to 172.16.2.1 port 6009[ 12] local 172.16.1.2 port 5201 connected to 172.16.2.1 port 6010...[SUM]  14.00-15.00  sec  1.12 MBytes  9.45 Mbits/sec   89- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr[  5]   0.00-15.01  sec  3.75 MBytes  2.10 Mbits/sec  258            sender[  8]   0.00-15.01  sec  4.38 MBytes  2.44 Mbits/sec  303            sender[ 10]   0.00-15.01  sec  5.00 MBytes  2.79 Mbits/sec  347            sender[ 12]   0.00-15.01  sec  3.00 MBytes  1.68 Mbits/sec  230            sender[SUM]   0.00-15.01  sec  16.1 MBytes  9.01 Mbits/sec  1138             sender

应该是 tailscale 的隧道是走的 UDP ，所以不管什么流量都会被封装在 tailscale 的 UDP 里。另外好奇为什么公网直接 UDP 传输速度全部是 0 ？