📍 **宽带上传速度异常：** 用户在两个同城电信千兆宽带（百兆上传）地址 A 和 B 中，发现地址 A 的上传速度被限制在 10Mbps（约 1MB/s），而地址 B 正常。此问题在与运营商沟通后一度得到解决，但近期通过 Tailscale 测试发现问题再次出现。

🚀 **多协议、多路径测试分析：** 用户通过 iperf 工具，在 Tailscale 隧道内（UDP 和 TCP）以及通过公网 IP（UDP 和 TCP，需高位端口）进行了详细的测速。测试结果显示，公网 IP 下 TCP 限速偶尔解除，但 UDP 始终受限；而 Tailscale 隧道内的 UDP 测试显示约 100Mbps，但 TCP 测试则大幅下降至 9.16Mbps，似乎与 A 地址的上传限速一致。

⚠️ **限速现象的复杂性：** UDP 流量似乎是持续被限制在较低速率，而 TCP 流量在通过公网 IP 测试时有时可以突破限速，但在 Tailscale 隧道内测试时则表现出明显的限速。这表明限速机制可能与网络协议（UDP/TCP）、传输路径（公网/VPN隧道）以及运营商的网络策略有关。

💡 **网络传输疑点：** 用户对公网直接 UDP 测试速度全部为零感到困惑，并推测 Tailscale 隧道（基于 UDP）可能导致所有流量都被封装并受限于 A 地址的 UDP 限速。同时，公网 IP 下 TCP 限速偶尔解除的现象也值得进一步探究。

我的 2 个地址（简称 A 和 B ）都是同城电信千兆宽带（百兆上传），之前发现 A 地址的上传被限速到 10M （上传 1MB/s ）然后打 10000 后和 it 后台人员理论后，先说找不到问题，然后我发了 A 和 B 宽带互测的 iperf 的截图和理论当前电信官网的测试白名单机制后，过了一周多，直接收到工单完成的短信。

于是我用之前被限速的测速网站后，发现上传是恢复了……（吗？）

在 B 宽带处用 iperf 通过 tailscale 测试连接的速度后。发现 A 宽带还是被限速到 10M 。

然后我用 iperf 通过公网 ip 来测（要开高位端口才行，默认端口连不通），发现 tcp 的限速有时候被取消了。但是 udp 的还是一直被限速。之所以说有时候，是因为测了一会，就可能会触发限速

通过公网直接从 B 宽带的测试结果（反向模式，A 传输给 B ，测试 A 的上传）：

> iperf3.exe -c {public ip} -p 25021 -u -b 100M[  4] local {lan ip} port 53674 connected to {public ip} port 25021[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Total Datagrams[  4]   0.00-1.01   sec  10.9 MBytes  90.2 Mbits/sec  1395[  4]   1.01-2.00   sec  12.0 MBytes   102 Mbits/sec  1535[  4]   2.00-3.01   sec  12.0 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1534[  4]   3.01-4.01   sec  11.7 MBytes  98.3 Mbits/sec  1503[  4]   4.01-5.01   sec  11.9 MBytes  99.9 Mbits/sec  1527[  4]   5.01-6.00   sec  12.0 MBytes   102 Mbits/sec  1538[  4]   6.00-7.00   sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1529[  4]   7.00-8.00   sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1529[  4]   8.00-9.01   sec  11.8 MBytes  98.4 Mbits/sec  1506[  4]   9.01-10.01  sec  11.9 MBytes  99.7 Mbits/sec  1527- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Jitter    Lost/Total Datagrams[  4]   0.00-10.01  sec   118 MBytes  99.0 Mbits/sec  0.362 ms  6548/15101 (43%)[  4] Sent 15101 datagrams> iperf3.exe -c {public ip} -p 25021 -u -b 100M -RConnecting to host {public ip}, port 25021Reverse mode, remote host 218.78.176.224 is sending[  4] local {lan ip} port 49192 connected to {public ip} port 25021[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Jitter    Lost/Total Datagrams[  4]   0.00-1.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   1.01-2.00   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   2.00-3.02   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   3.02-4.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   4.01-5.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   5.01-6.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   6.01-7.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   7.01-8.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   8.01-9.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   9.01-10.01  sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Jitter    Lost/Total Datagrams[  4]   0.00-10.01  sec   120 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  0.000 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4] Sent 0 datagrams

测了几次以后，在继续通过公网测试就会这样：

Reverse mode, remote host {public ip} is sending[  4] local {lan ip} port 5913 connected to {public ip} port 25021[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth[  4]   0.00-1.00   sec  1.67 MBytes  14.0 Mbits/sec[  4]   1.00-2.01   sec   589 KBytes  4.82 Mbits/sec[  4]   2.01-3.02   sec   588 KBytes  4.77 Mbits/sec[  4]   3.02-4.00   sec   595 KBytes  4.95 Mbits/sec[  4]   4.00-5.00   sec   592 KBytes  4.84 Mbits/sec[  4]   5.00-6.01   sec   581 KBytes  4.74 Mbits/sec[  4]   6.01-7.00   sec   608 KBytes  5.01 Mbits/sec[  4]   7.00-8.00   sec   591 KBytes  4.82 Mbits/sec[  4]   8.00-9.00   sec   593 KBytes  4.87 Mbits/sec[  4]   9.00-10.00  sec   586 KBytes  4.81 Mbits/sec[  4]  10.00-11.00  sec   603 KBytes  4.94 Mbits/sec[  4]  11.00-12.00  sec   592 KBytes  4.85 Mbits/sec[  4]  12.00-13.00  sec   592 KBytes  4.85 Mbits/sec[  4]  13.00-14.00  sec   593 KBytes  4.85 Mbits/sec[  4]  14.00-15.00  sec   592 KBytes  4.85 Mbits/sec- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Retr[  4]   0.00-15.00  sec  10.2 MBytes  5.73 Mbits/sec  823             sender[  4]   0.00-15.00  sec  9.90 MBytes  5.53 Mbits/sec                  receiverServer output:-----------------------------------------------------------Server listening on 25021 (test #3)-----------------------------------------------------------Accepted connection from {public ip}, port 5912[  5] local 172.16.1.2 port 25021 connected to 58.35.163.121 port 5913[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr  Cwnd[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec  2.12 MBytes  17.8 Mbits/sec  450   7.03 KBytes[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec   512 KBytes  4.19 Mbits/sec   19   7.03 KBytes[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec   512 KBytes  4.20 Mbits/sec   22   8.44 KBytes[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec   640 KBytes  5.24 Mbits/sec   28   7.03 KBytes[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec   640 KBytes  5.25 Mbits/sec   19   7.03 KBytes[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec   640 KBytes  5.24 Mbits/sec   23   7.03 KBytes[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec   512 KBytes  4.19 Mbits/sec   34   5.62 KBytes[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec   512 KBytes  4.19 Mbits/sec   24   7.03 KBytes[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec   768 KBytes  6.30 Mbits/sec   27   8.44 KBytes[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec   512 KBytes  4.19 Mbits/sec   37   7.03 KBytes[  5]  10.00-11.00  sec   512 KBytes  4.19 Mbits/sec   28   5.62 KBytes[  5]  11.00-12.00  sec   640 KBytes  5.25 Mbits/sec   30   7.03 KBytes[  5]  12.00-13.00  sec   768 KBytes  6.29 Mbits/sec   23   8.44 KBytes[  5]  13.00-14.00  sec   512 KBytes  4.19 Mbits/sec   24   7.03 KBytes[  5]  14.00-15.00  sec   512 KBytes  4.19 Mbits/sec   35   7.03 KBytes- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr[  5]   0.00-15.01  sec  10.1 MBytes  5.66 Mbits/sec  823            sender

如果是在 B 宽带处通过 tailscale 测试就一直这样,限速 10M：UDP

iperf3.exe -c 172.16.1.2 -R -u -b 100M -t 15 --get-server-outputConnecting to host 172.16.1.2, port 5201Reverse mode, remote host 172.16.1.2 is sending[  4] local 100.88.112.34 port 59706 connected to 172.16.1.2 port 5201[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Jitter    Lost/Total Datagrams[  4]   0.00-1.00   sec  1.89 MBytes  15.8 Mbits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/242 (0%)[  4]   1.00-2.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   2.01-3.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   3.01-4.00   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   4.00-5.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   5.01-6.00   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   6.00-7.00   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   7.00-8.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   8.01-9.01   sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]   9.01-10.01  sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]  10.01-11.00  sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]  11.00-12.01  sec  0.00 Bytes  0.00 bits/sec  19284.648 ms  0/0 (0%)[  4]  12.01-13.00  sec  32.0 KBytes   264 Kbits/sec  14913.186 ms  18911/18915 (1e+02%)[  4]  13.00-14.01  sec  1.15 MBytes  9.57 Mbits/sec  7.996 ms  1270/1417 (90%)[  4]  14.01-15.01  sec  1.30 MBytes  10.9 Mbits/sec  4.413 ms  762/929 (82%)- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Jitter    Lost/Total Datagrams[  4]   0.00-15.01  sec   179 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  2.946 ms  22171/22927 (97%)[  4] Sent 22927 datagramsServer output:-----------------------------------------------------------Server listening on 5201 (test #2)-----------------------------------------------------------Accepted connection from 172.16.2.1, port 5903[  5] local 172.16.1.2 port 5201 connected to 172.16.2.1 port 59706[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Total Datagrams[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec  11.9 MBytes  99.9 Mbits/sec  1529[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1527[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1526[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec  11.9 MBytes  99.9 Mbits/sec  1524[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1525[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec  11.9 MBytes  99.9 Mbits/sec  1525[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1528[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec  11.9 MBytes  99.9 Mbits/sec  1526[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1526[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1525[  5]  10.00-11.00  sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1525[  5]  11.00-12.00  sec  11.9 MBytes  99.9 Mbits/sec  1527[  5]  12.00-13.00  sec  11.9 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  1525[  5]  13.00-14.00  sec  11.9 MBytes  99.9 Mbits/sec  1525[  5]  14.00-15.00  sec  11.9 MBytes  99.9 Mbits/sec  1526[  5]  15.00-15.03  sec   336 KBytes   105 Mbits/sec  41- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Jitter    Lost/Total Datagrams[  5]   0.00-15.03  sec   179 MBytes   100 Mbits/sec  0.000 ms  0/22930 (0%)  sender

TCP

iperf3.exe -c 172.16.1.2 -R -P 4 -b 100M -t 15 --get-server-outputConnecting to host 172.16.1.2, port 5201Reverse mode, remote host 172.16.1.2 is sending[  4] local 100.88.112.34 port 6007 connected to 172.16.1.2 port 5201[  6] local 100.88.112.34 port 6008 connected to 172.16.1.2 port 5201[  8] local 100.88.112.34 port 6009 connected to 172.16.1.2 port 5201[ 10] local 100.88.112.34 port 6010 connected to 172.16.1.2 port 5201[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth[  4]   0.00-1.00   sec   597 KBytes  4.88 Mbits/sec[  6]   0.00-1.00   sec   550 KBytes  4.49 Mbits/sec...[SUM]  14.00-15.00  sec  1006 KBytes  8.23 Mbits/sec- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bandwidth       Retr[  4]   0.00-15.00  sec  3.88 MBytes  2.17 Mbits/sec  258             sender[  4]   0.00-15.00  sec  3.88 MBytes  2.17 Mbits/sec                  receiver[  6]   0.00-15.00  sec  4.50 MBytes  2.52 Mbits/sec  303             sender[  6]   0.00-15.00  sec  4.42 MBytes  2.47 Mbits/sec                  receiver[  8]   0.00-15.00  sec  5.00 MBytes  2.80 Mbits/sec  347             sender[  8]   0.00-15.00  sec  4.96 MBytes  2.77 Mbits/sec                  receiver[ 10]   0.00-15.00  sec  3.00 MBytes  1.68 Mbits/sec  230             sender[ 10]   0.00-15.00  sec  2.97 MBytes  1.66 Mbits/sec                  receiver[SUM]   0.00-15.00  sec  16.4 MBytes  9.16 Mbits/sec  1138             sender[SUM]   0.00-15.00  sec  16.2 MBytes  9.07 Mbits/sec                  receiverServer output:-----------------------------------------------------------Server listening on 5201 (test #3)-----------------------------------------------------------Accepted connection from 172.16.2.1, port 6006[  5] local 172.16.1.2 port 5201 connected to 172.16.2.1 port 6007[  8] local 172.16.1.2 port 5201 connected to 172.16.2.1 port 6008[ 10] local 172.16.1.2 port 5201 connected to 172.16.2.1 port 6009[ 12] local 172.16.1.2 port 5201 connected to 172.16.2.1 port 6010...[SUM]  14.00-15.00  sec  1.12 MBytes  9.45 Mbits/sec   89- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr[  5]   0.00-15.01  sec  3.75 MBytes  2.10 Mbits/sec  258            sender[  8]   0.00-15.01  sec  4.38 MBytes  2.44 Mbits/sec  303            sender[ 10]   0.00-15.01  sec  5.00 MBytes  2.79 Mbits/sec  347            sender[ 12]   0.00-15.01  sec  3.00 MBytes  1.68 Mbits/sec  230            sender[SUM]   0.00-15.01  sec  16.1 MBytes  9.01 Mbits/sec  1138             sender

应该是 tailscale 的隧道是走的 UDP ，所以不管什么流量都会被封装在 tailscale 的 UDP 里。另外好奇为什么公网直接 UDP 传输速度全部是 0 ？